( 91 ) 
i>eferred to as C'hitti/. as though he were an 
Bnglishnjan !), for it is very erroneous. 
(And yet Ceylon writers, who ought to know 
better, go on repeating the same old blunders). 
According to the MahOvamsa, the first 
Sinhalese king to make Kandy his capital 
was Vira Vikraraa, who began to reign 
in 1542; and it is noteworthy that the 
earliest mention of the Kandyan kingdom 
by the Portuguese occurs in connection 
with this king. The passage is quoted by 
Yule, but he dates it " c- 1530,'' which is 
much too early : 1.54546 is the probable 
date when the events described by Couto 
occurred, viz., the mission of the first 
Franciscan f.ithers to Kandy, and their 
attempt to convert the king, who is called 
" .Javira Bnndai- " {.Jayavira Biudiiva). But, 
strangely enough, Yule lias overlooked the 
earliest Portuguese reference to the town of 
Kandy, This also occurs in Couto's nar- 
rative (Dec. VI, lib. IV, cap. viii), where we 
read of Antonio Moniz Barreto"s marching 
from Batticaloa to " the city of Candea. ' 
The date of this was apparently May 1547. 
The first mf^ution of Kandy (Seuka'dagala 
nuvara) in the EOjdmliiia is also in connec- 
tion with this king, whom the writer calls 
.Jayavira. (Gunasekara in many places lays 
traps for the unwary reader by translating 
kanda ud<i or tidarata by " Kandy.") The 
journal that records the first visit of the 
Dutch to Ceylon in 1602 spells the name 
' Candy," ' Candi" and " Kandi " and it is 
from the Dutch that we inherited our spell- 
ing of the i);iuie. 
Under •' Ceylon," after the statement that 
" It has been suggested by Mr. Van der 
Tuuk, that the name Snilaii or Silari 
was reallj"^ of Javanese origin, as scla 
(from Skt. siiu, ' a rock, a stone ') in 
-"Javanese (and in Malay), means * a pre- 
cious stone,' hence Pulo Sclcm would be 
' Isle of Gems,' " is inserted in brackets 
" This," writes Mr. Skeat, " is possible, but 
it remains to be proved that the gem was 
not named alter the island {i.e. ' Ceylon 
stone '). The full phrase in standard Malay 
is batu Si'lnn, where batu means 'stone.' 
Klinkert inmely marks Sailan (Ceylon) as 
Jfersian." Mr. Skeat's comment is, I think, 
very pertinr-nt, and disposes of this pseudo- 
Javanese origin oi Ceylon. Three new quota- 
tions are given, from English writers of 
the seventt;enth century, in which the forms 
Ccland, Silon .vud Zeilon occur. 
At the end of the article on "Chittagong" 
I still find the extraordinary statement, 
" Chaturgrdma is still the name of a town in 
Ceylon, lat. 6', long, 81°," As I pointed out 
in my review of the first edition, the " town '" 
I'eferred to is Kataragama, the name of 
which has no connection with hntara (four), 
but is said to be from the god of war 
Kfirtikeya ; though Clough derives it from 
kafara^ desert. 
Of " Choya. Chaya, Chey," Col. Yule 
wrote that " It is exported from S. India, 
and was so also at one time from Ceylon." 
As far as I know, the export of ehoy-root 
from Ceylon h.ts never ceased. 
I'nder "(JoflL'ee" are given some new 
(luotations, in which the fragrant beverage 
figures as coho, coffao, cohu, caveah and ca.ve. 
The derivation of "Colombo" is still left 
in doubt ; and the printers h,ave now turned 
Yule's "^LftZa^ii-ganga" into " ^urt^ani gangi " ! 
It is strange how little we know of the early 
history of the place that is now one of the 
leading ports of the world. 
In reviewing the fifst edition of this book 
I expressed a decided opinion that " Coraboy " 
and " Uabaya " were identical, the former 
being a corruption of the latter : and in 
writing to me Col. Yule said he thought 
I was right. But I now feel doubtful of my 
correctness, and am inclined to think tliat 
Yule's explanation of " Cambay cloth " is 
the right one. 
I am glad to see that under " Galle, Point 
de," Mr. Crooke inserts a note by the late 
Prof. Childers to Notes and Queries showing 
that the name can have no connection with 
gala (rock). 
Under " Jafna, Jafnapatam," the editor 
adds an extract from the Madras Glossary 
giving the origin of the name. 
Under " Putlara " Yule's indefinite " j\f r. 
Ferguson" (really Mr. William Ferguson, 
as i showed in my former review) has now 
become " Mr. Pergusson." 
Under " Tea " the editor inserts some 
further interesting facts regarding the 
pronunciation of the word in English, and 
the two forms cha and td ; and under the 
names of the various kinds of tea there are 
a number of additions. 
I have thus cursorily touched upon a 
few of the words dealt with in this fascinat- 
ing work, which will always remain in- 
valuable to the student, and will never fail 
to yield the casual reader entertainment 
as well as information. Every public library, 
especially in the East, ought to possess a 
copy. D. F. 
LAYARD AND MITFORD. 
INTERESTING REMINISCENCES. 
Onr Kuruuegala correspondent writes : — " The 
extracts from, the home papers and Che corre- 
spondence pulilished by you with reference to 
these eminent travellers have been read by me 
with absorbing interest. A brief holiday to the 
hills has prevented me sending yoa earlier sorae 
notes apropos the subject, and which, I liope, 
some day will see the light as part of a biographical 
iutroducoiou to a volume of legal reports pre- 
pared by m? with the assistance of a brother 
member of the Bar. 
Edward Ledwich Mitford was Government Agent 
of the Novth-AVestern Province in 1S66. He 
retired, after three and twenty years' service, 
at the age of 56, in December of that year on a 
pension of £50o Os 41 per unnam, E N Atherton 
succeeding hinj. Mitford was a distinguished 
traveller. Layaid in his Popular Account of 
the Discoveries at Nineveh (1851) pp 1-2 thus 
refers to Mitford : — " D.iriug the autumn of 1S30 
and the winter of 1840, I had been wanderiu^: 
through Asia Minor and Syria, scircely 
leaving untrod, one spot hallowed by tradition, 
or iinvisited one ruin consecrate I by liistory. I 
was accompanied by one, no le^s curious and 
enthusiaicie shan myself — my travelling com- 
