March 1, 1904.] THE TKOPICAL 
AGRICULTURIST. 
589 
TEAK. 
Owing to the intensity of ths fires that have occurred 
ia this division, there are now no sound large teik 
trees. There are large tree.^ in severa.1 plaoL-s, e.ij., 
Talakarai (Bhavani), Miuohigiili (S itfcyamant»nl:i.in) 
and elsewhere ; but they all have their bark cracked 
for a long distance down the bjle and a stag-headed 
and generally unhealthy appearance, The teak mostly 
occurs in small gregarious patche.^, and even many 
of the young trees have been greitly dama'/ed by 
firea, but there is often a fair crop of seedlings, for 
which it is hoped a better future is in store. Near 
Poimachi in the Maddeswaranmalai hills a really 
fine young pole forest of teak is reported to exist. 
It is most abundant iu the Brrgur forests, and in 
Doddasampagai reserve ; but is al-^o found on the 
Geddesala plateau in Gutialatur reserve, on the east 
Talamai hill plateau, in ravines of the Nilgiri eastern 
slopes, and on the slopes to the plains from the 
Gundri plateau. Refuse, — it can hardly be termed 
otherwise, — consisting of old dead or burnt trees and 
Btnmps is taken to KoUegal depjt, and fetches a 
ready sale at a rupee a cubic foot. 
BLACKWOOD. 
Large blackwood is rather scarce, but some fine trees 
exist near Geddes via in the Minchiguli plateau; and 
in the Gundil valley, and other parts of the Dod- 
dasampagai reserve. Sniall trees, although sporadic, 
are fairly abundant, and appear to come up, chiefly 
from suckers, along roads, demarcation lines, fire Hues, 
&c., whenever the forest has been opened, and it ia 
also often found on the banks of streams. 
HARDWICKIA BINATA. 
This occurs gregarioiTfily in the Phaddeswaranmalai 
reserve and Chikkailur reservo (eastern portion) 
along the northern and north-eastern slopes down 
to the Cauvery river; also iu the eastern portion 
of the Yeddaralli reserve, and on the western, northern 
and eastern slopes of north Bargur reserve, and 
throughout the Palamalai reserve. In Maddeswaraa- 
malai it is said to attain 16 feet in girth; hut a 
specimen of 10 feet girth which was brought in to 
Kollegal proved to be quite hollow. Small quanti- 
ties are also found on the southern slopes of the 
Gutialatur (Sattyamangalam) and Palamalai re- 
serves, especially just above Gcjjalhatti. It is almost 
invariably accompanied by Boswdlia serrata. The 
yonng growth looks very p -omising, Tjut the species 
grows on the slopes where the fires would spread very 
easily and which are usually very dry, 
TERJIINALIA CHEBULA, 
This is one of the most abundant trees in the 
forests throughout this portion of the division. Since 
the protection afforded by the Forest Act of 1882 the 
old trees have been strictly preserved, and young 
saplings have been able to come up all over the 
place, and there is a magnificent crop of young trees 
jnst coming into bearing. Gall nuts (mijraholans) 
from these form one of the principal items of minor 
forest produce in the division, and will be referred 
to nnder that head. 
TERMINALIA T0MENT08A. 
This is not very abundant, and is chiefly confined to 
tbe higher and damper localities, espeoially in the 
Gnndila valley of Doddasampagai reserve (Siollegal), 
in the Minchiguli and Geddesala plateau of Gutia- 
latur reserve (Sattyamangalam) and in a few loca- 
lities, chiefly near stream?, in Palamalai eastern 
hills plateau. Mr. R. H. Morris, of Attikhan Estate 
(Mysore), tried to extract some sleepers from the 
trees growing in the Minchiguli valley but found a 
Very large percentage heai tshaken, probably owing to 
the fires which have devastrated that forest. 
EUGENIA JA3IB0LANA. 
Hogs trees of this species, often 8 to 10 feet in girth 
and 60 to 80 feet in height, are found along streams 
and in other damp localities, notably on the edge of a 
long gwamp between Ge(}desAla an^ Baiilai. 
CEDRELA TOONA ; CHICKRASSIA TABULARIS. 
Oedrela grows in the moister localities of the Gutia- 
latur, Doddaaam|)agai, Talamalai and North Bargur 
reserves. It is very scarce in the two latter ; bat 
near Geddesala it is fairly abundant, and there is an 
excellent crop of seedlings coming up. Chickrassia 
ii very scarce near Geddesala ; but it is said to gro'W 
in the Minchiguli valley, and in the Gandila valley 
(Doddasampagai reserves). 
MELIA AZADIKACHTA (iNDICA) AND DUBIA ( C01IP03ITA). 
The former is exceedingly abundant in the lower 
slopes adjoining the plains, in and on the edges of 
cultivation adjoining the reserve, in patches of old 
cultivation and in the drier and more open portions 
of all roservea. Melia dubia is found occasionally 
scattered, there are some large trees near Bailur, 
some near Belimugai (in Yekkatur enclosure of 
Gutialatur reserve), some near Hassanur and some 
near Tamarabarai. 
CASSIA FISTULA,. 
This is very common, but rather sporadic, as an 
undergrowth In the forests in which teak, vengai, &c., 
grow. It is used tor poles, and sometimes the bark 
is used for tanning. 
ALBIZZIA ODORATISSIMA AND PEDIGELLATAt 
These are common in the hill forests, the former 
being exceedingly so everywhere, the latter appa- 
reutly being restricted to certain localities, e r/., between 
Geddesala and Garmalam, and near Sengulam (NTjrth 
Bargur), They grow very straight but seldom large. 
ALBIZZIA LEBBEK. 
This is a characteristic species of the plains, of the 
lower slopes bordering on the plains and also of the 
flat ground in or bordering on existing or abandoned 
cultivation. It also grows on the banks of streams 
generally where the forest has been opened out. It 
is much used in the plains for carts and house-beams, 
there being no objection locally, as exists in some 
parts of the presidency, to its use inside houses. 
ACACIA EUNDBA. 
This forms a large percentage of the crop in Chik* 
kiilnr, in the south of Bladdeswaranmalai, in Yed- 
daralli, on the lower slopes of North and South 
Bargur and to some extent in Gutialatur. and Talamali 
reserves. Cutch (market rate, £35 to £55 per ton) is 
obtainable from this, although it is not uaed locally 
for the purpose, but in Kistn enough to fill a half 
pound biscuit tin was made as a sample which 
fetched Rs. 26. This was the result of eleven small 
stunted trees. The Wood is used locally for ploughs, 
beams, and agricultural implements. It grows on 
dry stony soil very gregariously. 
ACACIA LEUCOPHLCBi AND 3UJIA. 
The latter, with its white papery bark, is very local, 
there being fairly large quantities of it near Hassanur 
The former grows on the edges of cultivation, or in 
patches which have previously been nnder cultiva- 
tion, and in such places is abundant, but in the forests 
it generally only grows on fairly level ground where 
the forest is somewhat open. 
ACACIA FERRUGINEA. . 
This grows in fair abundance, mixed with Acacia 
Latronum and Albizzia amara, in the forests of the 
lower slopes adjoining the plains in Talmalai, Gutia- 
latur, and Bargur reserves. It is esteemed locally for 
building and agricultural purposes. 
CHLOUOXYLON SWIETENIA. 
This grows largely in association with Acacia 
ferruginea, Albizzia Lebbek, Melia Azadirachta, 
(Src, in the lower slopes, and also on the 
drier steeper slopes in the hills, sometimes with 
Hardwickia, sometimes with Bridelia. It has been 
much cut about and pollarded, as it is largely used 
for ploughs and other agiicultural implements ; it is 
mostly small, being a slow grower, and is found iu 
dry localities and in looalities very much subjected 
to tires, 
