( 158 ) 
DuNEAS, being like their Manequedams, wliose 
duty it is to go witli the Ooroadoors into the 
forests to cut down trees. He must also white- 
wash the house of the Governor once or twice 
in a week, for whicli purpose he has uiider his 
orders particular persons; he or the Doorea ought 
also to furnish white and refined chunam for 
the purpose of its being eaten with betel. 
Deccum-CABEo. — These pay the Capitation tax 
annually, lliey must also make kilns for burn- 
ing chunam, set fire to the same and attend 
it until the work is finished. They do nob 
enjoy the honors of the white cloth northo privilege 
of washing, but the Pally caste vi^ash for them. 
HooNoo, Kattako, are Gortadoors, whose duty 
it is to fell all kinds of trees in the jungle and 
purchase coconut trees for the use of the chunam 
kilns, and who carry gunpowder in time of war, 
HoONOOGAMBADOO are Bojeios, who cairy and 
manage the beasts of burden and have a special 
Doorai. 
There are cooUes under this caste who live in 
the villages, and some that perform the services 
of Baddanas in the elephant hunt, but they are 
Jiot to be found , in this part. 
Kadaeno are washermen that are obliged to 
•wash for people of the highest caste as well as 
for the Careas and Chandoos, with whom they 
may eat, and to no others ; they nevertheless 
also wash for mechanics, tailors, potters and 
barbers, but do not eat wfth them nor go to 
their feaste. They do not enjoy the honors of 
.the white cloth, nor that of being washed for. 
There are also amongst the washermen Seyecarias 
or Dyers, that pay the Deeum, besides their 
Military service. 
Baereways or Tom-tom beaters, amongst 
whom are dancers, charcoal burners, grass-cutters, 
and Deccum-careas ; they have their Manguedans, 
whom they call Oolewalia; they do not either 
like the washermen eat with the lower castes, 
and are divided under the Vidannies. They do 
rot enjoy the honors of the white cloth nor that of 
washing, which is done for them by the Pallys. 
HlEEi are Gortadoors. — These have their Vidane, 
and are obliged to fell all kinds of trees, to carry 
powder in time of war, and to clear the roads. 
This caste is not to be found in the lowcountry, 
but ill Kandy. They do not enjoy the honors 
of the white cloth nor of washing, and are 
washed for by those called Gangaro. 
Olias are dancers who provide oil for the 
■Governor for burning, sweep his house and 
premi.ses daily, and have the care of the elephants' 
stables as well as to apply remedies for their 
sores when necessary. There are Doorias amongst 
this caste who act in the situation of Mayoralls 
in the villages, and belong to the Vidaiiies ot 
Gattere. These castes have no privilege of the 
white cloth, the Gacgaros wash for them. 
Pally. — They are washermen to the chunam 
burners and the Berrevais. They are not in this 
part of the country, but in Ko.rdy, These as well 
as the four following castes enjoy no sort of honour 
whatever. 
HiNKEWO are washermen of the aforesaid Chalia 
caste, must furnish leaves for the elephants' stables 
and are under (he Vidannies ot Gattere. 
Gangawo. — These are washermen to the Heiri 
and Olia castes. 
PadoOWO. — There are Doorias or Nanequedans, 
Deccum careas, Lascoreens and coolies amongst 
this caste who are under the Vidanes. 
Palleroo are rangers of woods, who inhabit 
them living under the ground. These four castes 
last mentioned do not enjoy any honours whatever. 
The Heene Jaty and Antere Jaty are two 
castes held in no kind of estimation, and are nob 
accounted amongst ihs other castes, being themosC 
despicable of the whole. 
The two first of these, othervise named Hinnas, 
are under the Vidane and weave their mats, or 
ballales, by vihich they pay tlieir Deccum. 
The two last sorts of tliese, otherwise "named 
Eodeas, are of the lowest rank, have no Vidanes 
or Headmen, and live in the Caepayeme, being 
a sort oi houses that have no walls nor supporters 
around the corners, and tlie roof touches the 
ground on both sides and have merely a veranda, 
so that the one end rests upon the ground, and they 
are not permitted to dwell in any other than 
in such houses. The tablinves or siwall diums 
are only permitted to be covered at one end. 
They eat dead animals, they makes snares of 
the skins of cows and buffaloes for catching 
elephants &c. They are not allowed to have any 
white cloth upon their heads, and must tie up 
their hair on the middle of the head. 
Mantris, Councellors.— These sive their 
council and advice in matters of importance, and 
otherwise they are next in authority to the King, 
at whose death the Mantri is the person entitled to 
exercise the Government for the heir apparent 
should he be a minor, and in case of there being no 
son, he governs with the rest of the councellors 
until another King is again appointed. 
The Priests are appointed from amongst them, 
as well as the servants of the Pagodas or Temples, 
Physicians, Surgeons, Schoolmasters or Raja- 
gooroo. Soothsayers, Astronomers, Pilgrims, and 
Hermits, 
Welinde or Ghittys are merchants, and when 
anything is to be transacted, a Paale Chitty is 
called in and is obliged to traffic on behalf of 
the King, but there ate four difl'erent castes 
amongst these merchants, each of which live by 
trading in different species of articles, viz. : — 
1.. The Chittys — These trade in all kinds of 
medicine, cloths, shipping and also trade each 
according to his means. 
2. The Caryergb Chittys.— These trade in 
orold and silver as well as ascertain the value of 
the same. 
3. The Comety Chittys.— These trade in all 
kinds of fruits, grain, vegetables and dressed 
victuals. 
4. The Walige Chittys.— These trade in all 
kinds of Corals, Finger and Arm rings made of 
Chank Shells, Glass, Earthernware, Lead, Tin, 
Copper, or any other metal. 
These four sorts of meichants use the same 
characters in writing and the same language, 
and are not the original natives of Ceylon, bub 
came over from the coast, and multiplied in 
the course of time. 
These four classes of Chitties do not indiscrimi- 
nately eat or form connections with each other, 
that is to say, the higher with the lower castes, 
unless as it sometimes happens on account of 
the latter being rich those of the lower caste 
will eat with the liiglier and may marry his 
daughter. 
GOYAS or Bellalies —These are two words 
which are of one and the same signification, that is 
to say, husbandman or cultivator of the soil. 
The first word implies it in the Cingalese language 
