34 
THE TROPrOAL 
AGRICULTURIST. [July i, 1891 , 
Directors and our Ceylon stjiff, and which I believe 
lies at the root of the sucpessfol worlsicg of any business 
concern directeicl by a Londovi Board carrying on an 
enterprise in a country 5,000 miles distant, I desire 
also to record the thanks ol the Boar.i to our Secretary 
for the admirable manner in which the duties of Mb 
ofifice, umbracing, as they do a great dtal of laborious 
work, have been performed. I have now much pleaanre 
in moving *he adoption of the report and balance 
sheet, and that a final dividend of 8 per cent, be 
declared payable forthwith. 
The Home & Colonial Mail in a very brief summary 
of the meeting gays : — 
In reply to questions by shareholders as to gross 
figures resulting in the substantial net profit of £30,000 
shown lit ^he credit of revenue account, the Chair- 
mao stated that the profit on the tea produced on their 
own estat' s i-mounted to, roughly, 4d a lb and the 
profit (or ci/mmission^ on the crops purchased to about 
Id a lb out ot he lid gross product. One shareholder 
expressed a desire that a little more broad details 
might be introduced in future into the accounts, the 
same as used to be given in previous jeiirs ; while 
snothe' pentleman present suggested that the system 
followed by the lu' iau Tea ( "orcpanips of giving total 
Ceyl ■n expenditure and total produce reaiitations, or 
a fully detaiie^i tabular Btatement such as is presented 
by the Land Mortgnge Bank of India (the largest 
Indian tea Company) would be an ad vantage, 'Ihe 
Chairman, h'^wtiver, indicated that the feeling of the 
board was in favor of keeping suoh infO' matioa private, 
bvit t' at individual ah8rehold'3ra could, if they desired 
it, b- lu ri-hed with information, and that ;.t the 
tcuBr intis ihe chairman would also be ready to give all 
rtits ? able information. The meeting- was then made 
Bpac!_l, and resolutiona were psased authorising the 
board to acquire, at a oosfc of £27,000, properties with 
an aggregate area of ahouli 1,0C0 RoreSi about Lali 
ol which ^tLi under tea and ooSee oultivatioc. A 
cordial vote of thanks to the board and ssaff for their 
efforts to bring the Compimy to its present state of 
success terminated the proceedings. — Local "Times." 
CINCHONA IN JAVA. 
From Mr. van Eomunde's report oa the (iovern- 
ment oinohona enterprise in Java fci' the firs!) 
quarter of 1891 we learn that the weather wag 
somewhat abnormal, heavy rains alternating wilh 
drout^ht. This was unfavorable for the young plants, 
and theLedgeriaua seedlinga Buffered in oonsequenoe. 
By the end of the quarter the planting up of 
new grounds intended to round off the planta- 
tions on the Malabar hills was as good as finished 
so far as those intended for ledgerianas were 
oonoerned; whilst the succirubra plantations uprooted 
in 1890 and during the last few months were re- 
planted with ledgeriana. The restoration of the 
older ledgeriana plantations by close interpianting 
wa,3 vigorously carried on. In order to diminish the 
cost of upkeep of plantations, the distance between 
ledgeriana seedlings was diminished. Eapeoially in 
second planting the distance was reduced to a 
minimum, after it had been aeoertained that on 
land planted for the second time with cinchona, 
a vigorous growth oommenoes only when the soil 
is shaded from the effect of the sun's rays. The 
crop of 1890 comprised 534,562 half-kilograma 
bark, of which 142.396 J-kilos C. succirubra, 6,447 
i -kilos C. Joscphiana (Ccaliaaya isclmhkraft),iii2,fill 
J-kiloB G. Ifdyeriana, and 43,448 J- kilos C. ojjlcinalis. 
During tho quarter about 100,000 pounds of bark 
wore gathered. At tho end of March a oommenoeraent 
had been made with despatch of the back. On 22nd 
Jan. and 20th Feb. sales of bark of the crop of 
IS'JO wore held in Amsterdam. The unit for manu- 
facturer's bark at these sales averaged 7J and 7 
oenta. Good prices wore paid for ledgeriana barks, 
whilst tor Booolrubra bark cue moter in length up 
to /1-32 and /1'40 per J kilo was paid. In Janu- 
ary and February sales of cinchona seed were 
held, the amount realized being /397, The lots 
ofiered consisted almost entirely of succirubra seed. 
Through the carelessness of a fixed labourer a fire 
took place in one of the houses at Lembang, 
whereby the kampong attached to that establish- 
ment was reduced to ashes. 
♦ 
THE DUTCH MARKET. 
AjfSTERDA^M, April 29^1. 
Cinchona. — The bark sales which will take place here 
on May 14th 1891, will consist of 3,313 bales 75 
cases — total abont 289 tons — divided as follows :—Jat)a 
bark: From Government plantations 330 bales, 22 
cases, about 29 tons ; from private plantations 2,983 
bales 53 cases, about 260 tons. Brvggists' \hark : 
Saceirubra quills. 54 ciiEes ; broken quills and chips 
170 bales; root, 14 bales; C. Anglica quills, H cases. 
Manufacturing harJc : Ledgeriana broken quill and chips 
2,167 bales ; root 700 bales ; hjbrides quills, 10 oases; 
broken quills and chips, 96 bales ; root, 120 bales ; 
ofiioinalia broken quills and chips, 28 bales; root, 18 
bales. Total, 3,313 bales 75 cases. The anftlyses are 
not yet completed. — Chemist and Drugfiist. 
SMALL CULTURE UNDER GLASS: 
(Commercially Considered.) 
By Abthub Sinclaib. 
These serve for useful ends, when frosts by night. 
Or cold, raw winds the tender blossoms bite. 
— Lawrence. 
Aberdeenshire farmers are generally recognised aa 
being, to say the least, quite abreast of their brethren 
in the most advanced and best cultivated portions of 
the world. The same, however, cannot be said of our 
gardeners and small cultuxists. Our farmers, consider- 
ing the brief summers in our northern latitude and 
far from rich soil, contrive to raise crops and cattle 
which might well, and 'oes, excite the envy of 
agriculturists in more favoured climes. Indeed, I 
doubt if any of our numerous colonies, producing 
only one crop a year, yields a greater quantity of 
food per acre than '-poor bleak Aberdeenshire." 
But, while farming has made wonderful progress 
during the present century, gardening has progressed 
backwards, the lack of encouragement from the 
degenerate successors of former patrons and the diffi- 
culties to contend with in the shape of an uncertain 
climate being deemed sufficient to account for this. 
The time was when the M' Intosh of the north was 
encoui-aged to vie with the Paxton of the south ; but 
nowadays, the tastes of my lord and lady find a more 
congenial if less reputable field in other directions. 
But a new patron has arisen for the encouragement 
of the horticulturist, even the great public itself, 
with a newly acquired taste for fresh vegetables, 
native, sub-tropical, and other tender greenery in and 
— especially — out of season. This ought to be encour- 
aged, and, indeed, being fostered by many shrewd 
cultivators In Kent, Guernsey, and elsewhere, who 
have already acquired fortunes by the supply 
of those delicacies ; and it is a desire to see Aberdeen 
sharing in this good fortune that prompts me to 
write tliis paper. 
The demand at present seems practically unlimited, 
and I hope to be able to show that the possibilities 
of supply from Aberdeenshire are as great as from 
any country in Great Britain. 
The culture of fruit and vegetables under glass has 
hitherto been looked upon as one of the luxuries of 
the very rich, and until recently the cost of glass 
pvactioally prohibited its use on a large scale. It was 
thought also that our northern winters were too severe, 
and, moieover, there waa no market till the taste 
