[ULY i, 
189I.I 
THE T'ROJ^ICAL AQRIOULTURIST. 
13 
The Armenians also it would appear subsequently 
imported Ooflee into France, as wb shall presently see. 
Itis not possible to fay the exact periaU when ^CuSee 
was first introduced from Arabia or E.^ypt iu to E'lrope, 
but the most probable coujecture 13, that the Venetians 
and some other Italians were the medium thro' which 
a knowledge of it was imparted to other European 
Nations. , , ^ 1 
Some assert that Petro della Valla was the fir^t who 
introduced Oofiee into Italy, and he himself mentions 
in the 1st Vol. of his Work page 90, that he brought 
it with him to Italy in 1615, when OofEse was not 
even knowu there. It was Mr. Theveuot, however who 
first insroduced it iu France as far perhaps as its use 
was concerned, for it would seem that Mr. Gallan.l'a 
father, who was an Attache to the Legation of Mr. 
de la Haye in 1644, brought Ooffee mto Prance and 
all it's appurtenances with him from Coustantiuople. 
Coffee was imported to France by the Merchants of 
Ma.-aeilles in 1660 ; since which time an extensive 
Coffee trade was oirriad on bj the Druggists of the 
place, who ordered ont whole bales of it from B^ypt 
Idoende die met qeheele Baalen uyt Ec/i/pten komen.) 
In 1671 the first Coffee jMou»e wtiS «stabLslied in 
Marseilles naar the rende~iiouH {verc/ader phiats der 
kooplieden) o£ the Merchants where smoking ana games 
of all kinds were also permitted. This house was of 
great service to the Merchants, Mariners, and tha Orien- 
tals, who were wont 10 meet there and discuss thtir 
Commercial affairs This kd to the tstablishmeni of 
manv other public Coffee houses there. 
Some time after this the Dociors and Physicians 
came forward with serious objections to the use cf 
the bevrrage, wiiich they Sciid was very preiudical 
to health in ti;at dry and sultry Kegiun. Theso 
objectiuus were treated at first very much in the 
same way as those that were raised in Meco», Ca;ro, 
and Coiistauiiuoplo. hue with this difference, viz. 
that there the objections Were taken on religious 
grounds, and here on the score of healtli. 
Hereupon there arose public differtncjs, discussions 
and academical controversy (1679) and OofFje was 
denounced on accouut o£ it's cry and hot_ propertitf, 
and on account of the powerful (fCsct^ it produces 
on the braiu, causing thereby too prof uae nn evaporation 
of the btidily fluiiis, wbdit it at the tame time 
obstructs the pores of the coar.ser parts (de grove 
deelen) of the body and induoes the animal suints 
(ditrlyke qeestcn,) whioii bring on sleep, to a^cend into 
and poLie'.rat- the brain, by which mi.ans the sinewy 
sap {de ztHUw-zappenj which is so esiential to the 
restoralioa ot hei-lth bec.mes eatirtly absorbed and 
the sinews them-elves relax and lameness and other 
bodily infirmities ensoe. 
And further that by the sharpness and dryness of 
tha blood, which is entirely burnt up {door de 
sckerpheid en drooqte des hloeds, dat reeds als geheel 
verhrand is,) the' different members of the body ate 
to cjmpletely drained of their essential fluids, tbafe 
the body itself must necessarily become enfeebled 
and emaciated ; and those especially, of a sanguine 
or melancholic temperament or who have a hot liver, 
like brains and fine spirits (en die genen, die cen 
heet lexer, sulke hersseneii en fyne geesten hebben) are 
most liaole to suffer from these elfect?, which are 
produced by the uoiious and unwholesome properties 
of Coffae. 
All this stir and opposition ended at Marseilles 
much in the same way as the clamour which bad 
been raised by the Priests at Mecca, Cairo, aod 
Constantinopl.^, nor did it in any way check the use 
of Ooff.je iu that town, or it's neighbourhood ; but 
on the contrary it laid the foundation of a successfiil 
trade there and at Lyons, to which pL»ces large quanti^ 
ties of Coffee were imported from E^iypt and 
Smyrna. 
Prior to the year 1669 they knew noShiugof Cofi:ee 
at Paris; and indeed nothing mors was known or 
heard of it t arlier than 1657, beyond Mr, Thevenot's 
allusion to it, and the casual accounts given of it 
by some travellers. 
The most probable supposition is, that Coffee was 
first brouglit inbo Paris, when Soliman Aga, was sent 
fts au Envoy there by MoUammed (h,« IV. to Louis 
the XIV., and that large quantities of it found their 
way in!o Pjris thro' the f uliowersor retinue of Soli- 
man, who made pre-*ents of it to the Parisians. 
This ambassador arrived in P»ris in July 1069, 
but had Jiuditnofi only on the 5th December, and 
quitied Pa'is in May 1070, isnd it was at this time 
that the use of Oolfee became properly known iu Paris 
and t!ie damand for it became gradually so great, 
that large quantities of it were obtained from Mar- 
seillis for consumpiion. " 
Part VI and Last. 
In 1672, an Armenian comes ove- to Frarice and 
opens a Coffee shop, bub is obliged to shut it up for 
want of Customtrs. — Soma years after auother Ar- 
menian, Maliban, attempts a similar thing, but in spite 
of the fret-pipe offered by him to his Customers he 
is also obliged to shut up shop and cut to Hoiland — 
Grogor, Makara, and Gautoise meet with a better 
fate and Ven-*; Coft'ae more sucoeasfully — Of the 
little cripple Caudiot who dragged himself along the 
streets and sold C ffee sweetened with sugar ; and of 
Stephen of Aleppo and others from the Levant who 
couiu not compeie with fome sharp Frenchmen who 
had established splendid Cofi'ee houses in Paris which 
in a short time became the resort of the "great and 
the liij^h born" — -The great Coffee controversy in 
France — The q uestion ia put to the vote and there 
appears in favor of Coffee, Monsieur Andry; against 
it Messrs. Dunom of Montpellier and Htcquet of 
Pans — The Noes have it — Ooflee finds its way across 
tne Ltvant to France — Thence to Loudon and thence 
to Holland and the principal Towns — Meets with a 
barrier in Holland but overleaps it — Helvetius, a 
German, writes a little work in favor of Coffee, which 
never sees the light, and a celet)ratad Physican Bon- 
tekoe also writes a very luminous treatise on Coffee 
and dilates upon it's great virtues— Nutnberle.'S Coffee 
houses spring up in Holland, and every man, woman 
and child theram partakes of it ireely — Du'ch hos- 
pitality iiicompU'te without a cup of Coftea being 
offered and swallowed— Coffee versus Beer — If some 
people choose to take a yrog after Coflee, by way 
of a Diuretick, it is no fault of ours — Brutes will ba 
brut_-s— The moderate use of C ffee recommended 
and Domestics and others exhorted not to indulge 
ill wiiat is called "Perpetual sipping" — The Author 
bidshis Eeaders adieu, slips upon the sadlie of his 
Dromedary and is off to Persia. 
"In 1672 an Armonian named Pascal came over to 
P.-ris, who sold Coffee openly at the Pair of St. 
Gerni'iin and subsequently established a permanent 
shop there and served out Coffee at 2 stivers and 6 
Dernifra the Cup; but as his shop was frequented by oiily 
a few strangers, he was soon after obligtd to give it up. 
After an interval of 3 or 4 years, there came another 
Armenian to Paris named Maliban who vended his 
Coffee in a certain stieet there; indulging his Cus- 
tomers, at the same time, with a pipe, but this 
also did not la^t long, as he had to leave tha place 
for Holland. 
Ho left, however a subslitnte, a youth, named 
Gregor, whom he had brought with him from Is- 
pahsn and who died in au advanced age. Gregor 
was succeeded by a Persian named Makara, who, 
after having carried on she business for a time, re- 
turned to bis native laud, leaving one Gautoise, a 
Liege, in his room. 
In formtr times a little Cripple by the name of 
Caniliot was seen walking the streets who used to 
sell Coffee sweetened with sugar at 2 stivers each 
cup. He was ass sted iu this traffic) by a mate. 
Eventually there came another called Stephen of 
Aleppo. These were the first Ooffee houses. After- 
wards, there came over many others from the Levant, 
who however, iu tha very commencement made 
bui very indifferent sales, owing to the paucity of 
Oustomnrs of any respectibility who ventured to enter 
these Coffee houses, especially on account of the 
smokiag and the drinking of Beer which was toler- 
ated therein. But shortly after Frenchmen themselves 
established similar houses atid began to serve out 
T«a, Oboeolate and other beverages with tbe allowance 
