November 2, 1891.] THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
301 
nial, at Ijondon, and at Paris, and in each instance 
received the highest award. It comprises about one 
hundred and fifty tons of rare minerals, and the 
exhibit occupies 6,000 square feet of space. At the 
Chicago Exposition one of tlie pavilions for this ex- 
hibit will be made of glittering mica, which will be 
prooiu-ed in South Dakota. Among the additions 
to the collection is a mass of meteoric iron, weighing 
230 pounds, which the professor found in Arizona 
recently. He sent a specimen of this to Professor 
George A. Koenig, of the University of Pennsyl- 
vania, who discovered in it black diamonds visible 
to the naked eye. This discovery is new to 
mineralogists and of great interest. In 1888 a meteor 
fell in Russia, in which the scientists discovered 
microscopic evidence of diamonds, but this Arizona 
meteor is the first to show the diamond formation 
to the eye. 
Professor Foote will also show some entirely new 
copper specimens from Arizona, and a stalagmito 
tree, formed by limestone uiippiugs from a mine in 
New Mexico. He will ehow the big garnets which 
ho collected in Colorado, Eome of which are perfect 
specimens and above six pounds in weight. He has 
recently collected the finest specimens of celeaianite 
ever found. In the professor's collection are all of 
the gems, rough and cut diamonds, rubies, topazes, 
opalSj etc. His collection from the Pacific coast of 
America shnws the wnlfenite, a rare species of orange- 
red crystals; the brilliantly red vanadinites, and 
bright crystal of Bzurite, associated with velvet tufts 
of malachite. Alaska shows the deep red garnets, 
iu their dull coals of mica schist. There ia silver 
ore from the famous Bridal Chamber in New Mexico. 
It is said that a space the size of a bed-room, in this 
mine, produced 55500,000 worth of silver. There is a 
precious turquoise from Los Oerrillez, New Mexico, 
where Montezuma got his precious chalchuhutils, 
which he valued above gold. There are blende.s and 
galenas from the zinc region of Lake Superior. From 
the North Atlantic coast region is shown rhodonite, 
iu flue crystals which is much used by the Russians 
in ornamental work. From the New Jers! y mines 
come minerals found nowhere else in the wjrld — 
frankliuite — nausel after the philosopher — anomolite, 
trooslito, blood red zincito, etc. The South Atlantic 
coast region shows amethysts, sapphires, aquamaiines, 
urauolite, etc. 
In ils exhibit at the World's Pair the government 
geological survey will place on view a sort of synoptic 
picture of the mineral resources of this country. 
Big chunks of native gold and silver will be shown 
just as they were dug out of the earth, together 
with remarkable ores of all sorts, particularly those 
ot what are called " economic minerals," such as iron, 
copper and tm. Accompauying these will be maps 
drawn for the purposa of assistiog the illustration. 
Several skilled collectors are soon to be sent out with 
iostructions to gather in everything in the mineral 
line that is worth displaying. Professor Clarke, the 
distinguished chemist and mineralogist, has been given 
charge of the whole matter, and he ia getting together 
a wonderfully fine assemblage of precious and semi- 
precious stones also, which will form part of the 
display. This collection, although it will bo largely 
composed of gems fouud in the United States, will 
not be limited to those. Dozens of big boxes and 
trays full of such jewels of all sorts are at present 
boiug set in order for the purpose at the national 
museum. There aretopuzes, emeraids, rubies, diamonds, 
opals and every other kiod of beaui^iful sparkler. 
Also these are to many curiosities, such as metals 
compounded iu rare fasLiious in nature's laboratory— 
for example, bromide of silver and crjstalized 
carbonate of copper, Kxamples svill be shown illus- 
trating the Blrauge rules by which crystalization 
takes place, c uo metal or miueral assuming a certain 
geooielrical shape uuothfr some different oue, aud so 
ou. Iu addition to «U thi.s there will be relief maps, 
transparonciH.s and photogniphs of American scenery. 
This will include most important views in mountain- 
ous rogiois, great deserts aud other remarkable 
loculities of interest frum a geographical point of view. 
I'hotography iu this Hue liitii been made a specially 
by the survey, which possesses a great collection ot 
such works of art. If there were more money to 
spend it is probable that visitors at the Fair would 
have a chanco to seo some of the enormous fossil 
reptiles of the past, which Major Powell's bureau 
has been digging up during the last nine years ; but 
presumably only pictures of them will be shown, 
^ 
BARK AND DRUG REPORT. 
(From the Qhemist and Druggist.) 
London, Sept. 12. 
Areca Nuts have been very scarce lately. A parcel o£ 47 
p;ickaf;e3 has, however, arrived this week. 
CiNoHONA. — At bark sales on Tueslay a very small 
quantity o£ cinchoaa bark was offered — la faut the auction 
was oue of the smallest oa record. The catalogues com- 
prised, of — 
Pkgs. Pkg-. 
Ceylon bark . . ... 639 of which 544 were sold 
East Indian bark ... ... 403 ,, 3S8 ,, 
South American bark ... 116 — „ 
Jamaica bark ... ... 2 „ ^ „ 
Total ... ... 1160 „ 932 „ 
With the exception o£ a few parcels of Indian Crown 
b.ark, there were very few lots of Rood quality among the 
barks of Eastern growth. The supply oE Soath Americaa 
Calisaya also comprised foine rich parcels, butallofthis 
was limited too his;hly, and not a single bale o£ this 
kind was sold. There was a fair amount of competi- 
liou, and the unit remained stationary at an average of IJl 
per cwt. 
The following are the approximate quantities purchased 
by the principal buyers : — 
lb. 
Agents for the Mannheim and Amsterdam works ... 75,378 
., Burnswick factory ... ... 36,CS1 
„ Italian and American works ,,, 29,178 
,, Frankfort o/M aud Stuttgart works.. 24,173 
,, Auerbach works ... ... 12,103 
Messrs. Howards & Sons ... ... ... 8,367 
Olher manufacturers ... .., ... 5,58(3 
Sundry druggists, &o. 
Total quantity of bark sold ... ... 189,803 
Bought iu or vvithdrawn ... ... 4t),9B7 
Total quantity offers 1 ... ... 236,770 
At the last Amsierdam auctions, which were held on 
the 3rd instant, 248,700 kilos, bark were offered. Of this 
quantity manufacture!? purcha.sed 192,812 kilos., equalling 
8,995 kilos. (317,254, oz.) quinine sulphate. Sundry drug- 
gists bought 20,784 silos, bark, and 35,180 kilos , repre- 
pcnting 1,448 kilos, sulphate of quinine, remained unsold. 
Ti-O following were the pruchases of the principal buyers: 
— Auerbach factory, 58,190 kiloj. bark ; Powers & Weight- 
man, 48,884 kilos. ; Brunswick works, 37,775 kilo.<. ; 
Biihringer & Sous, 15,065 kilos. ; Frankfort & Stuttgart 
works. 14,142 kilos.; Tillandiei', 10,829 kilos.; Howards & 
Sons, 1,474 kilos. ; and various buyers, 6,462 kilos, bark. 
IMPROVING WORN LANDS. 
Major Howard Swineford read a paper on this subject 
at a Southern institute. Among other things he said 
ae regards green manuring. The practice of growing 
crops for the purpose of ploughing them under to 
fertilize the soil is ona that, in my opinion, has a very 
much greater advantage than any other, and there ia 
no better way of cheaply improving it than this. 
To procure a sufficient supply of macure is at the 
best a very costly process, but a crop that may be easily 
grown ia a few months and then turned uudor may 
furnish to the soil as muoh fertilizing matter as 
eight or ten tons of manure per acre and ttiia 
process may bs repeated several times iu one year. 
Manuring with green crops ia not ouly the most 
economual but, to most lands, one of the surest and 
most speedy means of improving the texture and fertili- 
zing properties of the soil. Besides furnshiug plant- 
food the soil is made more mellow and better fitted for 
produciug other crops. V^arious crops are used for 
ttiia purpose, eomo of course src more valuable tbait 
