November 2, 1891.] Supplement to the " Tvopical Agviciittmistr 
371 
ling and planking for building purposes, for the 
construction of bungalows, cattle-sheds, stores, 
&c. The top branches will come in handy for 
firewood. The more valuable kinds may be sold, 
as in these days of forest conservancy, there Js 
a great demand for timber of all kinds, particularly 
satinwood, halmililla, &:c. Every estate, if establish- 
ed on the site of a forest or jungle, should be able, 
to supply material for its own fencing, as such 
material is not only costly but very necessary, , 
and it is important that the fencing shquld be 
kept in good order from planting-time till the, trees 
are tall enough not to requir(ivit,l I'li i 1 - . i /,'; 
As the trees will not come - into. = bearing, ; iji 
from 7 to 10 years, advantage may; be taken, of 
the land to raise, crops of Cassa,Ya. and ^ Indian : 
Corn on it, the proceeds from which, togethej,' 
with the results of the sale of good : timber 
ought to r.eeonp the propi-jetor for what he 
has expended !Qn the purcliase pf the land. And 
here it may , not be out of pUce to say somcr 
thing,, ^f Cassava and Indian Corn, as subsidiary 
crops, I in, coconut , cultivation. 
ladian Corn or Cassava may be raised j ust after the 
planting, out , of |the;C,QConut8, or half the land;may be 
laid, nwder , (Indian , Corn, , and half under Cassava. 
These will do no harm to the young palms,,, 
but on tlie ; ,coiitrary hplp to ighade them from 
the sun , in the earlier years of their growth : 
and. as, .tlie seeds or sli])s of these products,.,, 
will be, naturally put down at the commencement 1 
of thei rains, - they will not interefere with the 
process,, of ,,wa;tering of the, palms :which , at 
this timfi will not require, watering. , , 
Indian Corn is , put into small holes djt)l)le(;l, in 
the ground, about 2 feet or less apart, 3 seeds 
being put into each hole in a triangular form,. 
The seetl . fsprouts earlier and more vigorously if 
soaked fpr 1 1;,^ or l-> hours beforp ijlanting.,. 
The seeds while , waiting to be pl,auted should 
be left; on the, cobs with their, coverings on. 
Foul- or , six of these cobs may bu, tied together 
by their coverings which are pulled over the, 
Oob?„, and, periodically, if not continually, exposed to 
the influence of smoke, which keeps them from 
being attacked by insects. Seeds ;treated in tjli? ^ 
manner may be kept for a y^a?/ ^j^jj^yer!,^9jigfif^.. 
without injury by insects^i, •• trm, ffi'r---- r, ;[, 
Ca.ssava,, or Manioc is planted : .from slips, 3 or 
4 inches, in length, a,nd placed in a slanting , 
position, ,frqm ,^^P 3 feet apart, in holes which 
are rapidly |,m{»,de by a chop from , a maniotie. 
Neit](er -Manioc ,nor Indian Corn: require deep 
planting, and when the soil is not hard they arq 
l)lauted by the liand by the villagers. Manioc 
cuttings are kept for x^lanting by tying about ,50 
of them into a bunt|le, and then, placing thein in 
a hole aud watering fqr a few days, by whicj^ , 
process they can be kept for a , year or more, 
if looked after. With other supports. Cassava 
can be niade to grow as a fence both g);aceful 
and ornamental. , 
The enemies of an Indian Corn-field areparrakpets 
which flock to it in thousands M'hen the cobs 
liegin to be formed, while villagers and coolies 
will also carry away as many cobs as their 
ingenuity can procure. These "latter may also 
be put down as enemies of the Cassava plan- 
tation, while rats, ])orcupiues and wild pigs 
have to I)o guarded against by the erection 
of strong aud wuU-mado fences. 
Wlaeno'ibobh .Indian-; Coim l and: CaSSava-ftbe'ifi-fiVf 
for eating,; the coolieS ori villagers rviiorking loiiiithe 'i<\ 
estate will readily accept, either, iit lieu/ io£';alli=-.ii 
or jiart of their pay. In the Etetei^n I'xoVincSr 
at least one need not be under any apprelimsjcuiT.tsn 
as to the sale of these crop.?; I'eople will comd' if'i 
a [long distance: and at. great liiKtoavemenGe to*! z'l 
purchase tliB produce, and if tjie raiity seoson 
has been a favourable one, a.sery .,^|^^lin(5(p,m^ix 
may ,be. expected. , , , -(.-, p,)>..,-T,,'i n'l .in-.uoi 
But. there is a questiofi, in - this* . ; cona?>,ct^B,-r by/ 
Avhich is often asked,, viz., does nob^ the> cvvlla-ToSl 
vation of Indian Corn and Cassava fxhftUS(t.,th.eiioic; 
soil? Very possibly so; but, not to an appKgT> gdl 
ci able extent When these two subsidiary cropa^ifT 
jare raised On t^, new cleaning, ^hesoil -is g<?nQrally:,;o3 
Abnormally rich virgin soil ; and as coconjut, frees (.ijj 
need to be manured at ,a loiter period, .tliet?!b 
utilization ,and partial , exhaHstjipHv/of, ,_tM\ 1^.^ iiAi 
between the rows , dpes ...npt -fixa^t^na^)^ nsM^^Wn 
the palms,. , . , r i • ■ ; ■ , .: l- :>.ji - f mti 
I may , herp mention that to a pla,Tit,ei^ cp,{jkeflr gs 
Indian Corn or meal, and young , coba^ , , are am of 
excellent diet, while l)oiled manioc a.nd miikit lo 
Cassaya floup cakes, ;yca,^ted ,miQioG,,^aud^ft^pi<^C8,( ni 
are by np'fpeaflS;;.i|;i9.j^bj^|[4espMefl'-^ , i ■-ir-. n ■joisboiq 
B u J.. . ^- Athehton. 
ilNM&kwOUS POOD TR60t5BTST'"^U|i¥Wa^ 
. AND.' WILI)! ,,!i,Tfrot "'m;ra 
It was pointed' out in a review of a p.qist num1)ej;;"i!^ 
of. this Magazine, that tlie series , of nptes ihat!^ -.jq 
I have been contributing under the above lieadi,ng^.jy„ 
included a number of plants which hiig.ht l)e,,i{,( 
erroneously supposed to produce, IVjocl stull.s, thfttjj.jjj 
could be adopted^ as, a regular diet among the ^.^^ 
villagers. , I .should therefore mention that a,grefj,fc^[jjj 
number bf the plants which hit,ve. been described,, j^^-j^ 
though not suitable, to be use4, as substituto.-s 
for regular food, ' are yet ' edi1)le, an<,i; , tliJit ,my,,'^j[j 
aim in the.Se papers is to describe sii,(;h plaiijts "^y.j 
as are found in a cultivated state or growing .ggg 
' %ild^^^of ^!.which some 'part may be^e.^t^efi. \fij 
1 -ivoqxs -'■, : ,.. ,'*'''i'^*«'^«'f- .tui!^ v,' -di n-i .^.'iog 
■ti 1 m. oWm/sophylhi/ki >RMbur<sm^p'm. qioit^i-^i^iino- 
7T ! ' Sin. Lawulu. .1. ijBlr.raooi 
is^ ti tpe ' growing in 'tlie ' jwarWij parts , o^ 
the Island.' It grPws tp the height, I'oC ,fronif,f,^ 
''30 to 60 feet, and is npt very commonly met, gg 
withV -' .lt bears a i-ound fruit the, size . 0^ (IT 
apple, with d green pericarp. Tlie flafjiy subT,.,,|.. 
stance. foimd in the fruit has a sweet taste, l>ut;,.,jr:jj. * 
'iS' full , of ' a gummy lacteous .juicif-. Thej-jjj-, 
' seed^' are stnall,'and flat with a shining. br6wiisli,,.^ij; 
testfi. The fruit is eaten whenever pbtaiiiablef,;j^.j 
and is often brought to the markets for sale^j^jjl 
where two to fottr of thpm are ge]|iej'f|,llj),',,pbtai,^-jj^,',,r 
able' for a c^nt.'^'.' .hm.,'.!-,,; Tn-iilv'ti-i 
This,* top, like, the ftbp|Ve,,is.aitre'eigii0\ving)iiir(jJjQ^ (io 
jungles, especially in,, the , warmer ■■.district&l'^iThe.oif) 
fruitsareovalandsmallt,abPuthalf rtninohinleogthr'ija 
Thpugh green, in , the, yonng.j stage* ■tliwytnrd'nA. 
a brownish re(d. , The mesoca-i'p- sis 1 puljpy . ■^vlJl0nJ3^OJ 
ripe, butcontains a,.larg« percentage of oaPutchouonlJi 
like juice. It is also a,striiigent to ftgreatidegre^no't 
