668 
The tROMCAL AQRiCULTURfSr 
[March i, 1892. 
carry the weight which would otherwise fall on thp 
crankp. The horn pi ifes are in no ws.y ".hi' ever jruides 
even as regards oacillation. The cranlf pins would kei p 
the lower table from oscillating. Every pair of cranks 
connected by a connertincr rod has two duid cf li- 
tres. The single connectiog ro l has also its dead cen- 
tre over which it will not pass wiihout the aflsiftac e 
of a fly-wheel, (He illustrated this by removins tlif 
upper coiinecung rod in one of kis modds). Ad- 
ding to my model the upper conaectirg roa its mo- 
chanism so far as it f^oes is perfi ct. The drivin,T 
shaft has now in its powtr to convey molion to the 
guiding shaft. Putting on ihe upper com eoting ro', 
thp other parts of the model except the circular case 
or jacket round the tea leaf the double bow bracket 
rests on the upper connacting- roi carrying the 
bearings which carry the vertical sp'-ndle- The upper 
rolling Rurfrtce there has its horizontal motion com- 
plete, also its rotatory motion. Tim mechauism is 
complete without the case or jicket and I can now 
impart motion to the upper and lower rolling surfaces 
without the jacket. The circular motion is derived 
from the upper connecting lo 1 through tlie double 
bow bracket, theuce to the spindle, and thence to the 
upper rolling surface. The rotatory motion is conveyed 
to the upper rolling surface through the medium of 
a belt and the spindle to the upper rolling surface. The 
principle of the connecting rods is involved in the 
mechanism of the Excelsior but not in the same 
manner as in the triple action. The differ- 
ence is that in the Excelsior the connecting rod is used 
f or convert:iDg circular motion into rcclillioear motion. 
In Jackson's machine (Excelsior) the crp-uk driving 
the connecting rods is a peculiar one in this re- 
spect that it has no crank shaft. It consists of 
three crank pins and two cranks driven by a bear, 
ing in the boss of a bevel wheel. The middle crenk 
pin drives the lower connecting rod which carries 
the table or lower rolling surface. The circular 
motion of that crank is converted into rectillinear 
motion through the intervention of guide bars sliding 
in grooves. It cannot deviate from the rectillinear 
movement, it is compelled to move in a rfctillinear way. 
The npper crank pin is connected to the upper con- 
necting rod. The cironlsr motion of the uppermost 
crank pm drives the upper connecting rod, whioh is 
forced to move in a rectillineal line by the inter- 
vention of this guiding bar which cannot move other- 
wise but in a straight line. The two upper crank 
pins are connected to the two connecting rods in 
Buch a manner that those connecting rods may 
move in their rcsprctive rectillinear lines, being in 
no way fixed to the frame of the machine — the 
deed part of the machine. The metal framework 
round the j«cketi«. part of the driving mechanism cf 
Jackson's machi)'oe ; it must be bo. What Jackson 
calls his jacket; metal and wood combinsd is really two 
distinct parts, namely the ccnneoting rod with its 
guiding bar giwng motion to the case or jacket, 
and the upper rolling sArface which is driven by 
the case or jacket. It I were to remove the lining 
with the upper rolling fmrface the mechanism would 
not be complete ; ihtte would be nothing to drive 
the upper rolling Burfuce. If the wooden lining were 
taken away and the metal frame left the mechanism 
would be complete as regards the lower roiling 
surface, and ready to drive the jacket whan it was 
put back on the machine. I have road Jack- 
son's epecificfttion in connection with his draw- 
ings. Heading Jacksori's specification and plan 
together I understand the juckf t. to be the 
woodwork as delineated in his drawings. 
The motion which the upper rolling surface gets is 
the same motion as the wooawork, backwards «nd 
forwards. It receives the motion from tlie t-ides of ttie 
jacket which are in tlui lino of its motion. The fir.st 
part of tlio upper rolling surface that receives Tnotion 
is the edge of it that is furthest from the direction 
in which it is being moved. It receives its moticin 
from the inner side of the capc or jacket immediately 
adjacent to it. It moves it by impact— by push. You 
hear tlie imjjact in alinoi t every machine after it has 
been in work for sonic time ; that is when the 
upper roUiBg aurfacu gets a little wear and tear, and I , 
havPDivsplf heard it in rrio'-t oftbe machines I have 
seen working. I do not think I have seen above 
six or eight of the Excelsior itself, but I have seen 
a good many c f tlie others that are worked on the 
same principle. Jackson has patented the trans- 
mission of motion through the case or jacket to the 
top rolling surface, and I must decidedly regard that 
as motion by impact, through the sides of the case 
against the outer edges of the upper rolling surface. 
My upper rolling suii'ace receives no motion v/hatever 
by impact with anything surrounding it. I call the 
case or jacket of my machine the wooden portion 
in plaintiff's model of my machine, surrounding the 
upper rolling surface. 
Cross-examined by Mr. Withehs : — I could not say 
that the Einmond's machine I saw in London 
was the subject of the Indian litigation, but 
I understood it was Kinmoud's first patent. Mr. 
Kiniiion<l has gone over that law suit with me but he 
did not tell mo the arranf meut with Jackson. He did 
not tell me that Mr. Jackson bound himself fo him 
to sell 80 Standards during eighteen months he at 
the same time having the exclusive sale of Kinmond's. 
Would ybu be surprised to know that Jackson sold 
not h'O but 160 of that Standard and not one of 
Kinmond's has been sold since ? I do not know 
ab' ut that I met Mr. Kinmond in London. I am 
largely interested in tea in Ceylon and have been 
so for seven oj eight ycrirs. I am the Managing 
Director of the second defendant Company. I have 
had practically the control of machines imported into 
Ceylon by the Oompaify during the last eight years. 
My son receives some royalty from the Company 
(second defendant). Between 80 and 90 triple-action 
rol ers have b-'eo sold in Ot-ylon. Uotil this law suit was 
commenced there has been no difficulty I know of 
in selling them in Ceylon without a guarantee. 
They guarantee them against Mr. Jackson calling 
upon them for a royalty I suppose. I never heard 
of patentees issuing guarantees with the machines. 
I suppose that the reason is that if Mr- Jackson 
gained the law suit the purchasers thought they had 
no guarantee that Mr. Jackson would call upon them 
to pay a royalty. I say that the description of 
Jackson's machine in the specification is not a 
true description. I do not see how you could make 
it a true description in any circumstances. Assm-- 
ing that the frame B is part of the case or 
jacket it is a true description. It would make 
no difference, assuring that, if the guiding rod 
were in the centre (drawing of the triple-action pro- 
duced by Mr. Withers — a copy of the one fiied with 
Brownt-'s specification in the pati nt office). This is 
not a correct drawing of the machine as made as re- 
gards details, I cannot say whether it is a correct 
copy ci the druwing filed with the specification. 
(iVir. Withers said that the machine that ex- 
isted now was different from that on the plan 
in the specification office). Witness was i-hown 
the plaintiff's drawing and deponed. The dotted line 
iriside the jncfeet represents the top surface "A." 
He added — Not the whole of it. Only the upper hori- 
zantal dotted line and the two bent lines ^represent 
the upper rolling surface. The dotted line running 
up from the centre of "A" represents the main 
spindle the lower end of which may be attached 
to " A, " " 0 " — the chain indicates that the 
top-surface is to be moved up and down. 
The sides of "A" — the upper rolling sm-face are a 
working fit. Assuming the drawing to be 1^ inch scale 
the top rolling surface measure on the plan 4§ inches. 
Is there anythmg ou the dra viug to show chat the 
jacket could not be made round ? The drawing is a 
drawing of A machine having rectillinear mo- 
tion. 'The jacket or case itself might be made 
round. There is nothing in the drawing that 
" A " could not be made round in the casa 
or jacket but it would be another machine, 
a drawing is a drawing and represents only what 
it repre.sents. The lettsT ' N ' inside fi?iire i of 
plaiatiff's drawing is marked on the extended boss of 
the wheel hut i would not understand ic to meaa 
the wheel. It is put there for a purpose 
and I would apply it to the boas. If the mm wh 
