9i8 
The tROt-^CAL agriculturist. [June 1, 1892. 
have » lower and upper rolling snrfaee and 
s case or jacket ; bat in the EzoelBsior 
the c«ee or jacket not only holds tbe tea leaf, bnt it 
alBO_ drives tbe upper rolling surface and transmits 
motion to it, whilst in tbe triple-action roller the 
only use to which the case or jacket is put is to hold 
the tea leaf and that appears to be its only office. 
As the Escelsior was an improvement on the Standard 
80 the_ triple-sotion roller is an improvemeDt on the 
Excelsior, and is decidedly a far more efficient and 
satisfactory machine. 
On the whole I am of opinion that tbe defendants 
have not infringed the plautiff's right by the arraoge- 
ment of transmitting motion to the upper rolling f^ur- 
faoe though the case or jacket surrounding it, and that 
plaintiff'saotion must be dismissed nitb costs. 
Owen Moegan, D.J. 
Petition of Appeal. 
In the District Court of Colombo. 
William Jaokson of Aberdeen, Scotland, Plaintiff 
and Appellant, vs. 1. Alfred Brown ot Colombo, 2. 
The Oolombo Commercial Company, Limited, of 
Colombo, Defendants and RespundentB; 
On this 5th day of May 1892. 
To the Hon'ble the Juilges ot the Supreme Court 
of the Island of Oeylon. 
The petition of appeal of the abo^enamed plaintifi 
appparing by his Proctor Mr, F. Lieschiug states as 
followf : — 
T our petitioner feeling apgrievedby the judg- 
ment ot the harned District Judge dated tbe 2iid 
day of May 1892 begs leave to appeal therefrom on 
the grounds 
1. That the issue of infringement has alone of all 
the ifsues in this action been decided agaicst; your 
petitioner, and it is humbly submitted that the learoed 
Judge's verdiot on that issue is contrary to law and 
againat the weight of evidence. 
2, It is contrary to law because in deter- 
mining this issue, and for that purpose enquir- 
ing into the nature of the invention alleged to 
have been infringed, the learned Judge has gov- 
erned himself pot a« he should have done by a con- 
sideration of the language of the specification in which 
the invention is described of the circumstances under 
which this instrument was framed of the kind of 
maobine to which it relates and the class of persons 
to which it is addresspd but by the opinion of skilled 
witnessea as to the function and terminology of the 
various parts of a machine, treated rather as a model 
for the illustration of meohanioul principles than as 
one designed for the manufacture of a useful com- 
modity. 
This is indicated by the learned Judge's remark that 
the triple action toller could work perfectly well 
without the caae or jacket. So it miiiht, perhaps 
aa a pifoe of mechanism in a laboratory but it 
would not be an efficient machine in a factory. 
3. The real question involved in the issue of in- 
frin'gment is what did your petitioner mean by tbe 
word " jacket " in the specification of his invention 
aa illustrated by the accompanying drawings, and if 
they are examined as made and addressed by an 
inventor to workmen of competent skill and 
acqUHlnted with this olaas of m«chinery there 
can be no room it ia submitted for doubt that 
it must mean and could only hHve meant the 
case confining tbe tea leaf with its bow bracket 
and general bearings as a whole and the best 
available evidence ia all on one side as to the correct- 
ness of this information. , i 
To treat the pieces of wood which whm htlfd to- 
aether compose the case in which the le^f is confined 
as an integral part of the machine discouuected from 
its other O 'DStituont parts and to cmRno the word 
iacket to that wooden case is to make it insensible 
for the purposes of the invention dcHcribed in the spe- 
cification and oontradiota the very language of the spe- 
cifioatioQ with its drawings. 
4 If the jacket as your petitioner contends com- 
priaM tbooaie, it aapports the bearings, bow, bracket, &o. 
i. e., in fact all tbe parts above the lower rolling 
surface except the lid which controls the pressure of 
tbe leaf in operation it is self-evident from a com- 
parison of the machines in work that the principle of 
the " Excelsior " invention " the arrangement " to 
wit of transmitting motion to the upper rolling sur- 
face through the case or jacket surrounding it has 
been taken over by the " Triple Action " machine of 
the defendants. 
Wherefo e the petitioner prays that tbe said judg- 
ment dated the 2nd day of May, 1892, may be set 
aside and judgment entered for the plaintiff as prayed 
in the plaint and for such further and other relief 
in the premises as to your Hon'ble Court shall seem 
meet. (Signed) F. Libschinq, 
Proctor for Plaintiff and Appellant 
THE PLANTING DISTRICTS OF 
SOUTHERN INDIA. 
As the first districts we propose to refer to are those 
in which ooffi-e is cultivated, a brief rsev.nie of the life 
of the coffee planter throughout the year will be of in- 
terest. It is one of the most popular fallapies of 
human nature to presume that everj one, whose method 
of work and whose work itself is not identical with 
his own, must therefore be enjoying an easy and a 
l«zy life. The man across whose brow course peren- 
nial streams of sweat refuses to atlmit tbnt he, who 
is able to keep cool with the thermometer over 80 
and is not ever on the fidget and fret, can honestly 
earn his bread. So it is argued by him in tea that the 
plai ter who is not cursed with a factory r>-joice8 in 
a life in which beer and skittles prepomlerate largely. 
No doubt the coffee planter is spared murh anxiety 
by not having to be on the watch continually to 
see that his produce is not ruined in the pr' paration 
of it, but this anxiety is made up to him in various 
ways — by the many changes and chances o^ weather 
on which his whole crop depends, by the numerous 
enemies to the berry itself against which he baa to 
guard, and by his having to entrust the preparation 
of the bean entirely to others, with whom he is often 
not on the boot business terms. 
The work of the coffee planter, who has an old 
estate and is making new clearings, may be genera- 
lized aa follo-^ a in the majority of the planting dis- 
tricts in Southern India. In January he commences 
bis felling in order for the timber and brushwood to 
be well dried to burn off before the first ahowera fall 
towards the end of February or beginning of March. 
So soon as this work is over, lining and pitting go 
on apace, for labour is sc«re tbrounh tbe hot months of 
March. April and May; and though the planter may 
rection on haviBg the best part of three mo' ths in 
which to plant, yet the south-west monsoon is as fio le 
as the fair aex. and the wise man will prepare so 
ai he C(in take advantage of every burst of the mon- 
soon as though it were the last. In June comea the 
monsoon. Then the rule is that there is more work 
to be done than bunds to do it— planting in the new 
clearings, weeding in the old, to be folhiwed by prti- 
ninif, digging and manuring ; and while the sun is 
up tbe planter baa t>ut little time to cool his heels in 
bis verandah until September, when work easea off a 
little, and advantage is tsken to enjoy ten days' 
holiday either in assisting at week festivity or a 
Btolk after bisron and big game, or a vicit to the hos- 
pitable homestead of some distant friend. Thus will 
the coffee plnnter fortify himself against the 
multitudinous worries and anioyabcps which 
are rife while " crop is on." In October he 
commences his prepsration for the great event 
of the year, and befo e tbe middle of November 
Bmall naiigs of women and children will be put on for 
a '-fly-pick." It may be the middle of Deomber before 
tbe crop really begins to pour in, and tbe whirr of the 
palper isjheard in the land and tbe watch-fires are|lit 
by the barbecues and thetime of the coffee theftn itat 
hand. These are days of inteoee anxieniy, it is 
with a deep and sincere sigh of relief that the respect 
for the last bandy load of parchment is received from 
