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Supplement to " CUYLON OBSERVER." 
GOW, WILSON k STANTON'S INDIAN, CEYLON, AND JAVA TEA REPORT. 
1 
13, Rood Lane, London, E.C. January 1st, 1892. 
"When our supply of Tea was drawn from China, the Public ma)- well have regarded the Tea 
trade with indifference. At the present time so much British Capital is invested in Tea property 
in India and Ce3'lon that the welfare of the industry is a matter of National importance. 
HOME CONSUMPTION. Our own possessions now contribute some 75 % of the tea we drink, 
only 25 % being supplied b}- China. Under these circumstances it is matter for general congratula- 
tion that the Home Consumption for i8gi has exceeded any previous record. In 1889 we onl}' con- 
sumed 185 million lbs. of Tea ; in i8gi we have used about 202 million lbs 
So long as the weaker Teas of China were being rapidly displaced by the stronger Teas of 
India and Ceylon, the increase in consumption of drv leaf was hardly appreciable, although a 
larger quantity of liquid tea was gradually being used. The displacement of China Tea during 
the last two years has not been ver) marked ; hence the greater weight of Tea required to 
supply the gradually expanding liquid consumption. This, with the reduction of duty last year 
to 4d. is doubtless answerable for the heavy increase in the use of dry Tea. 
There is another feature which is remarkable in the Home Consumption during the past year. 
It is the first time in which Ceylon Tea has been more largely drunk than China Tea (estimating 
figures for December). If we go back to 1887 we find only ten million lbs. of Ceylon Tea were 
drunk to 90 million lbs. of China. Only four years afterwards the use of Ceylon Tea has increased 
to about 50 million \hs., while the quantity of China Tea has been reduced by about 40 million lbs., 
Indian Tea supplying the bulk of the Home Consumption. 
The year 1891 will also be remembered for the extraordinarily low range of prices current during 
the last few months for the lower grades of Indian and Ceylon Tea. These grades constitute the 
main portion of Tea drunk in this country, and have recently been obtainable at a lower price than 
was ever previously known. 
FOREIGN MARKETS. The export trade in China Tea shows a considerable falling off, 
but Indian and Ceylon Teas both show substantial increase. The importance of this branch of the 
trade is now so great, that it is necessary to bring all possible influence to bear upon such foreign 
governments as impose duties which are almost prohibitive. 
INDIAN. The year opened with very high prices for low grade Teas ; .short supplies being 
anticipated both from India and China. Prices gradually fell off till towards the close of the year 
when this grade reached its recent unprecedentedly low level. Fine flavoured- Teas and Teas of 
exceptional quality have been somewhat scarce and commanded full rates. The general quality of the 
crop has not been equal to that of last year. 
CEYLON. The early months of 1891 were marked by high prices for the low grades. The 
abnormally wet weather which prevailed in Ceylon occasioned so rapid a growth of the Tea leaf that 
production fairly outran any previous record. The London market in consequence became some- 
what flooded with unexpected supplies. The result of this was a gradual shrinkage in values to the 
recent low level. Perhaps the only consolation to be drawn from the late depression is the stimulus 
which it has given to the consumption of Ceylon Tea both at home and abroad. It is remarkable 
that about 50 % more Ceylon Tea was used in Great Britain in 1891 than in 1890. 
JA"VA. The supply of Java has not been much, and the course of the niarket has mainly followed 
that of Indian and Cevlon Teas. Owing to the recent low prices of these, Java Tea has not been in 
so much demand for Home Consumption, and has in consequence been taken freely for export markets. 
Comparative prices of Indian Tea in London : — 
DUST. (Fair ordinary, darkliquor) 1891, 4jd. 1890, 6J. t88g, 5|d 1888, GJd. 
FANNINGS. (Red to brown, strong rough liquor) „ 5d. ,, 6|d. ,, 6d. 
BROKEN TEA. (Brownish to blackish, strong liquor) ,, 6}d. ,, 8d. ,, 7id- 
PEK. SOUG. (Blackish greyish, useful liquor) ,, 7t<J. ,, 8|d. ,, Sid. 
PEKOE. (Greyish to blackish some tip, useful liquor) ,, Sfd. ,, gid. ,. gd. 
PEK. SOUG. (Blackish greyish, inferior liquor) ,, 5^^. ,, 7fd. ., 7a. 
PEKOE. (Blackish, greyish, some tip, inferior liquor) ,, yd. ,, 8|d. ,, 8d. 
6id. 
74d. 
8d. 
gd. 
7id. 
7id. 
BANK RATE. 31 per cent. EXCHANGE. Calcutta .on. London three months sight is. 4gd. 
