34 
of the bird house, far from the major parrot collection 
and it will be noted, involved none of the parrot family. 
All have since died at the laboratory and found ex- 
tensively infested. 
The second focus was at the other extreme of the bird 
house and was first brought to light at autopsy on a 
Sun Bittern in January, 1921. Examination of its 
neighbors (guans) disclosed one infested bird which was 
isolated. We have traced the contacts" which were 
associated with these diseased birds and examined them 
with negative results. 
In review then, we had two different foci of the disease 
in widely different birds, and far from the original site 
of 1906-1912. This time the only parrot affected was 
a Grand Eclectus. This outbreak has at present none 
of the proportions of the old one, involving a total of 
only seven birds. 
Before speculating as to the source of this new enzootic 
attention must be called to several additional points. I 
have closely examined the worms from one of these last 
toucans and the male is beyond doubt a spiroptera. It 
is very close to but not a species identical with S. incerta. 
On the other hand, a male worm from the Eclectus was 
identical with S. incerta. We must be dealing, there- 
fore, in this last outbreak, with two different sources. 
I cannot conceive of a difference in hosts determining 
as much mutation as is indicated in the two males I 
studied. Referring back now to the old enzootic, I find 
that toucans, pigeons and several other scattered families 
were affected, but I do not find any records that the 
toucan or pigeon spiroptera were examined microscop- 
ically, as would be necessary to distinguish between the 
two species; so that there also, two different sources 
were possible and likely. 
I believe therefore that we should suspect the toucans 
as one, and the parrots as the other, portal of entry of 
the disease. Be that as it may, we have examined all 
birds within a reasonable distance of the bad spots, and 
until eventualities decree otherwise recommend that an 
