28 
the cases here reviewed the changes varied from simple 
hyperplasia to fetal adenoma. As is customary with 
cretins there was in most of the pups an imperfect 
osteogenesis, expressing itself in bowing of the legs and 
disorderly hyperplasia of the epiphyseal junction. The 
observation of a hemorrhagic pachymeningitis in two 
cases, one internal, the other external with craniotabes, 
is noteworthy. The pituitary body was not pathologic- 
ally altered. A little subcutaneous oedema was noted 
in two cases, but it was not of the sticky kind seen in 
myxcedema. 
Notes. — No. 3584. Young American Gray Wolf died June 11th, 1915, Cretin., 
hyperplasia of thyroid, acute internal pachymeningitis, hypertrophy of heart, fatty de- 
generation of myocardium and Uver, cloudy swelling of kidney, chronic lymphadenitis, 
acute catarrhal gastro enteritis, subcutaneous oedema. This animal was dwarfed, head 
larger than normal, legs heavy and curved, hair thick and dry, skin dry. The subcutaneous 
tissues are cedematous as are also the mediastinal and retroperitioneal tissues. Cervical 
tissues are less so. Cervical lymphnodes are large, soft, pale yellow, and homogeneous. 
The salivary glands are almost dead white. The right thyroid is 3 x 1.5 x 1 inch, soft, 
homogenous red brown, except for one large blood cyst. The left thyroid is 2 x 1.5 x 1 
inch. It is the same as the right but no blood cyst. There are spheroid masses of thyroid 
or parathryoid tissue at the lower pole of the left thjToid and over the thyroid cartilage. 
It has the same section surface as the thyroid. Thymus is small, gray yellow, soft, and 
oedematous. The lungs are distended, shghtly congested, oedematous, with a few areas 
of subpleural emphysema and some hypostatic congestion in dependent parts. The 
heart is both hypertrophied and dilated but the valves seem to have been competent. 
The muscle has slight tigroid appearance. The liver is slightly large, soft and friable, 
deep red brown with yellow mottling. The section surface feels slimy. There are irreg- 
ularly distributed minute pale areas chiefly affecting the periphery of the lobule. The 
gall bladder is distended with yellow bile and the pericystic tissues and other tissues at 
the hilus are cedematous. The spleen is of normal size and soft in consistency. Section 
surface is mottled red gray; trabeculae seem increased but follicles are not visible. The 
kidneys are normal in size and have a smooth capsule which strips easily, leaving a smooth 
brown surface. The section surface shows a wide cortex with wide irregular striae and in- 
visible glomeruU. The mucosa of the stomach is distinctly rugous, swollen, intensely 
red and opaque. The intestine is similar to the stomach except that the mucosa is more 
intensely red and more swollen. The lumen contains blood streaked yellow mucus. The 
retroperitoneal lymphnodes are considerably enlarged, firm, homogenous yellow. The 
calvarium is normal. The dura at sides and base is very firmly adherent to the skull. 
The under surface of the dura over middle of left hemisphere shows recent clot and sonie 
opacity of the membranes. There is a small area of hemorrhage on the right side. Pia 
is slightly congested but not opaque. The pituitary body is roughly nodular, oedematous, 
red and its dural covering is quite firm and opaque. It and the sella turcica seem of proper 
size. The skeletal bones are shorter and heavier than normal. The costo-chondral junc- 
tions are enlarged but not beaded. Section through the ribs shows marrow to be very 
red and to extend up to the osteochondral line, which is very slightly irregular but not 
widened. Microscopical section of thyroid shows some hyperplasia in normal arrangement. 
The colloid where present is firm, solid and closely appUed to the cells. 
Xo. 3800. Young American Gray Wolf. Cretinoid, hemorrhagic external pachy- 
meningitis with craniotabes, secondary hyperplasia of thyroid with colloid, chronic lymph- 
atic hyperplasia, chronic interstitial nephritis, chronic enteritis, osteogenesis imperfecta, 
hemorrhagic bone marrow, concentric hypertrophy of heart with dilation. The animal 
is short of stature, bowed of leg, heavy of head, with slight irregularity in formation of 
cranial bones. The bones are apparently well formed and the deformities are rather the 
result of joint relaxations and some asymetry than of any softening or bone absorption. 
The neck is large from hypertrophy of the thyroid and cervical lymphglands and rather 
unusual size of the saUvary glands. The right thyroid is 3.5 x 2 x 1.5 cm; the left is 2.5 
X 1.5 X 1 cm. Both thyroids are resilient, homogeneous and on section show uniform brown 
parenchma and very slight interstitial tissue, no cysts. The thymus is small, firm, 
triangular, flat, gray yellow. Lungs are shghtly uniformly congested but distended and 
normally crepitant. The heart is large; right ventricle dilated but left ventricle more so; 
valves are competent. The liver is normal in size, firm, deep red brown and shows normal 
architecture on section. The gall bladder is distended with brown fluid. The spleen is 
normal in size and soft. On section it shows motthngs of purple and dark red; follicles and 
trabeculae are faintly visible. The kidney is normal in size, firm, and has a smooth shghtly 
