29 
intestinal lesions were similar to those seen in typhoid fever 
in man. The typhoid bacillus, however, was not found. 
Professor Henry C. Chapman has, in former examinations 
at the Gardens, found ulceration of Peyer patches in 
monkeys as well as in other animals. Enteritis is without 
doubt usually caused by the unavoidable change in the diet 
of the animals. 
Chronic nephritis appears to be very common and to 
affect a great variety of animals. The histological lesions 
found in the kidneys were of two types: Parenchymatous 
changes in which the cellular changes varied from cloudy 
swelling to complete desquamation and necrosis, with plugs 
or hyaline, or granular material in many of the tubules of 
the medulla ; and parenchymatous, combined with marked 
interstitial, changes, where the lesions were those of a diffuse 
nephritis. 
Chronic nephritis accompanied other pathological condi- 
tions, and may in some cases have been caused by these 
conditions; though in others it seems probable that it was 
due to the change in food and water, and lack of customary 
exercise. We have not determined that it was the imme- 
diate cause of death in any case. It seems probable that in 
some instances the ''fits" with which some of the monkeys 
are reported to have suffered before death, were ursemic. 
CHARLES B. PENROSE, M. D. 
