The BRITISH HERBAL. 
5 
DIVISION I. 
1, Scrawberry Cinquefoil. 
Pentafhylloidcs fragiferum. 
The root is large, rcdilli, and woody. It is 
divided at the top into feveral heads, and has a 
few fibres. 
The footftallcs of the leaves arc four inches 
long, tender, and hairy. The leaves on each 
are five or fcvcn. Three larger ftand at the ex- 
tremity, and are broad, oblong, hairy, ferrated, 
and not unlike thofe of (trawbcrry, but lefs. Be- 
low thefe there are two or four fmaller ; fo that 
the whole leaf is of the winged kind, not fingered 
as in the right diiquefoih. 
The flalk is round, firm, ercfl, and two feet 
and a half high. It is hairy, and divided at the 
top into branches. 
The leaves on this are few, and placed irregu- 
larly. 'I'hey confifl: ufually of five leaves on the 
under part, and only three higher up. Some- 
thing like this is feen alfo in the right cinque/oils, 
in which, though the radical leaves have always 
five, thefe have in fome fpecies only three di- 
vifions. Thefe leaves are of the fhape of the 
others, but fmaller. 
The flowers are numerous, large, and white. 
They ftand at the tops of the branches, and are 
fucceeded each by a head or cluftcr of feeds, in 
iome degree refembling a ftrawberry. 
It grows wild in Wales, and fcarce elfewhcre 
in Britain. It flowers in May and June. 
J. Bauhine calls it Penlaphylliim ere£lliin, and 
C. Bauhine ^dnquefoUum fragiferum. 
2. Purple iVIarfh-Cinquefoi!. 
PehtaphyUim pabjlre rubriim. 
Tlie root is long, blackifh, and woody. It 
fpreads a great way under the ground, and fends 
out many large fibres, which are white or redifh, 
The footftalks of the leaves are three or four 
inches long. On each Hand five or leven leaves 
in two or three pairs, with an odd one at the 
end. Thefe are oblong, narrow, and lharply 
ferrated. Their colour is a bluiflt green on the 
upper fide, and whitilh underneath. 
The fl;alks are a foot and a half long, but weak, 
and not very upright. They are often redifli, 
and are in part covered with a kind of fcabbards 
from the leaves. 
The leaves ftand alternately on tliem : they 
ufually have only two pairs of wings, and an odd 
one ; and are in fliape and colour like the others. 
The flowers Hand at the tops of the branches, 
and are large and beautiful, but of a Angu- 
lar ftrufture. There are five, broad, and 
pointed fegments of the cup, which are purple 
within, and themfclves refemble a flower. In 
thefe there ftand five proper petals of the 
flower, which are alfo of a deep purple ; but 
they are fmall, and the leaves of the cup are 
much more confpicuous. In the centre there is 
a clufter of purple threads. 
When the flower is fallen, there comes a 
button or head of feeds, in form refembling a 
fmall ftrawberry. 
It grows in muddy places in the north of Eng- 
land, but not frequently. Some plants of this 
N" I. 
BRITISH SPECIES. 
have been fet in one of the bogs on Hampftead 
heath but they do not thrive. 
It flowers in June. 
C. Bauhine calls it ^^inqnefolium pnhfjlre ru^ 
brum. J. Bauhine, Pentaphylhm beptaphyllum 
f.ore ruhro. 
3. Thick-leaved marfti Cinquefoil. 
Fentaphyllum palujlre rul'nim crajfis foUis. 
The root is flender, long, and fpreading, black 
on the outfide, and reddifh within. 
The leaves that rife from it are very like thofe of 
the laft defcribed fpecies j but they grow with lefs 
regularity. Ufually there are three pairs on a 
ftalk, with an odd one at the end ; fomctimes only 
two pairs, and not unfrequently there rifes a fingle 
one near the place where the footftalk adheres to 
the root. Thefe footftalks are weak and hairy, 
and the leaves thick and flefliy ; fo that they are 
well fupported. They are of a pale green, and 
are much more hairy than thofe of the former ; 
though in thefe it is but moderate. 
The ftalks are low, weak, and fiiort, round, 
and ufually redifli toward the bottom. 
The leaves on them arc fmall, and in fliape and 
colour like the divlfions of the others, and fli-ind 
in an uncertain number and irregular manner. 
The flowers ftand at the tops of their divifion s, 
which being fmall and weak are fcarce able to 
fupport them. They are large, and of a deep 
purple, with a clufter of threads in the middle. 
The feeds ripen after in a little clufter. 
It is common in Ireland, and in the north of 
England, as about Carlifle, and in fome parts of 
Yorkftiire. It flowers in July. 
Plukenet calls it Pentaphyltoides palujlre rulrv.m 
crajfis ^ vttlofis foliis fu:cicum £3* Hibcrnician. 
4. Shrubby Cinquefoil. 
Tentaphylloides fruticofum. 
The root is compofed of a fmall head, with a 
large number of thick fibres, and fpreads greatly. 
The ftalk is round, firm, upright, woody, 
and of a brown colour ; and towards the top it 
divides into feveral branches. 
The leaves ftand on Ibort footftalks, rifing al- 
ternately from diflerent fides of the main flalk. 
They are oblong, and of a pale green on the up- 
per-fide, and fmooth ■, on the under-fide they 
are whitifli and woolly. Seven of thefe gene- 
rally ftand on each footftalk, and they are di- 
vided as it were into four and three. Sometimes 
there are only five. 
The flowers grow on the tops of the diviflons 
of the ftalks ; and they are large and yellow. 
They conflft each of five leaves, with a tuft of 
threads in the middle. 
They quickly fall off, and the feeds follow in 
a fmall button ; but nature has lefs regard to the 
ripening of thefe, becaufc the plant is well pro- 
pagated by the root. 
The ftalk of this plant throws off its bark fre- 
quently, fo that it is comm.only ragged. 
It is a native of the northern parts of Eng- 
land, and flowers in June and July. About 
Thorpe and Egglcftone abbey in Yoiklhire it is 
common. 
Rav calls it Pnitavhylloidis [ruticofum- 
C D I V I- 
