74 
The B R I T I S H HERBAL. 
GENUS xir. 
T H R O A T W O R T. 
t AL nCU IV M. 
THE Hower confifts of a Tingle petal, hollow, and divided into live fcgments at the edge : the 
cup is formed of a fingle leaf, divided alio into five fegments ; and the iced-veffcl .s rough and 
hairy on the outfide, and is divided into three cells within. 
LinniEUS places this among the fmUniriiimonogyma; and, not regarding the difference of the 
feed veiTel, makes it the fame genus with camfamda. 
DIVISION 'l. BRITISH SPECIES. 
i. Great Throatwort. 
fracheUiim foliis Imgioriias ferratis. 
The root is compofed of a number of long, 
(lender parts, which fpread under the lurface, 
and have many great fibres. 
The firft leaves are very large ; they rife in a 
great tuft, and ftand upon long footftalks : they 
&re very large, ^oblong, broadeif in the middle, 
Iharply ferrated, and pointed. 
In the centre of this tuft rife the ftalks, which 
arc round, firm, thick, upright, not much 
branched, and four feet high. 
The leaves on them are numerous, and of the 
fame form with thofe from the root : they fre- 
quently grow two, three, or four from the fame 
point, but without any great regularity. 
The flowers are very numerous, large, and of 
a purplifh colour, of different tinfts and degrees ; 
fometimes they are of a deep blue, fometimes 
redifh, and fometimes white. 
The fced-veflel is very large, hairy, and di- 
vided into three cells within; it has the fame 
fiiort footftalk which fupported the flower, and 
generally hangs downward. 
It orows not uncommonly on the mountains in 
Wale's, and in Yorkfhire and fome other parts of 
England ; and flowers in June. 
C. Bauhine calls it Campanula maxima foliis 
tatijjimis. Others, T rachetiim gigantcum ; and 
our Englifh gardeners, Giant throatwort. 
2. Nettle-leaved Throatwort. 
y rachelium foliis iirtic.c. 
The root is long, thick, and fpreading. 
The firll leaves exaftly refemble thofe of the 
common llinging nettle ; they are few, and of 
a dufky green, and hairy, broad at the bafe, fiiarp 
at the point, ferrated, and fupported on long 
footftalks. 
The ftalks arc numerous, firm, upright, hairy, 
ftriated, purplifti, and a yard high. 
The leaves ftand irregularly on them, and 
have long footftalks : they are of the fame ftiape 
as thofe from the roor, but fmallcr. 
The flowers ftand at the top of the ftalks, and 
on ftiort pedicles rifing from the bofoms of the 
upper leaves : they are very large, and of a beau- 
tiful blue, deep, open, and cut into live fegmenti 
at the edges. 
The feed-vefTel is large, rough, and divided 
into three cells. 
It is common in Kent, Suflex, and many other 
countries, and flowers in Auguft. Its common 
place of growth is by road fides. 
C. Bauhine calls it Campanula vulgatior foliis 
urlics major et afperior. Others, Tracbelium ma- 
juSt or Great throatwort. 
3. Clufter- flowered Throatwort. 
Traobslium jlarihus gloniErcitis. 
The root is long, large, fpreading, and fur- 
niftied with many fibres. 
The firft leaves are few and large : they are 
oblong, broad at the bafe, and fmaller to the 
point ; and they ftand on ftiort footftalks. 
The ftalks are numerous, round, firm, redifli, 
eredt, and two foot high. 
The leaves ftand irregularly on them, and re- 
femble thofe from the root ; thofe on the lower 
part have fliort footftalks, thofe on the upper pars 
have none. 
The flowers are large and blue ; fometimes 
redifli, and not unfrequently white : they ftand 
in thick clufters at the tops of the ftalks, and of 
the branches rifing from the bofoms of the leaves. 
The fecd-veftcls are large and rough. 
It is not uncommon in dry paftures in many 
parts of England, cfpecially where the foil is 
chalk. It flowers in July. 
C. Bauhine calls it ^rachelium five campanula 
pratenfis flore glomerato. Others, Trachdium mi- 
nus. We, in Englifti, iifually, Littk throat- 
wort. 
The root of the great throatwort is aftringent. 
A deco-tion of it in water, and with a little red 
wine, is excellent againft the falling down of the 
uvula, and is a very good gargarifm in many 
difordcrs of the throat ; it thence obtained its 
name. 
Dried and powdered it afts as an aftringent in 
the bowels, and is good againft diarrha-as, efpeci- 
allv fuch as are attended with bloody ftools. 
An infufion of the root of the nettle-leaved 
throatwort, fweetencd with honey, is a good 
gargle for fore mouths. !n general all the fpecies 
have the fame virtue : ilie great throatwort in the 
principal degree, and this ncitle-leavcd kind next. 
D I V I- 
