The BRITISH HERBAL. 
123 
high: its colour is ufually a pale green, fome- 
times redini and it is lightly haiiy, and very 
much branched. 
Th? leaves grow irregularly : fotne tow-ard the 
lower part of the ftalk generally ftand in pairs, 
but the greater part alternately : tljey have no 
foorftalks : they are broad, oblong, large, of a 
dufl^y green, and rough furface i dented at the 
edge , and pointed at the ends. 
The flowers rife fingly from the bofoms of 
the leaves all the way up to the top-part of the 
ftaJk ; and they are large and yellow. 
The feed-vefiel is oblong, and the feeds are 
very fmall and redifh. 
It is a native of Corflwal, and of the ifland of 
Jerfcy ; and flowers In July. 
J. Bauhine calls it Crijl^ galli a^nis planta 
Romana^ feu Crift^ galli major Italica. Ray, Eu- 
fhrqfia major lutea li^tifolia paliiJlris, 
DIVISION IL FOREIGN SPECIES. 
t. Narrow-leaved yellow Eyebright. 
Ei'.phxafia aninJiifoUa jlava. 
The root is fmall, long, and furnifhed with a 
few fibres : it is whitifli, woody, and crooked. 
The ftalk is angulated or ridged, and appears 
Iquare: it is (lender, but jirm, upright, branched, 
and a foot and half high. 
The leaves are long, and very narrow : they 
ftand in pairs without footltalks, and are of a 
du(ky green, denied at the edges and fiiarp- 
pointed. 
The flowers are very numerous : they ftand in 
long, clofe feries all up the tops of the branches, 
and are fmall, and of a gold yellow. 
The feed-vefiel is oval, but oblong -, and the 
feeds are fmall and whitifh. 
It is frequent in Italy and Spain ; and flowers 
in Auguft. 
C. Bauhine calls it Euphrafia pratenfis lutea. 
Coluraa, Euphrafia lutea moniana a/igujiifalia 
altera, 
2, Eyebright, with three-pointed leaves. 
Euphrc^ia foliis tricufpiciatis. 
The root is very fiender, white, longifh, 
tn-ooked, and furnifhed with nunierous fibres. 
The ftalk is round, firm, redifh, fomewhat 
branched, and of a purplifh colour. 
Tlie leaves ftand alternately, and have no 
footftalks : they are very narrow ; and undivided 
at the edges till they come toward the end, where 
they are broader than in any other part, and have 
■ two notches oppofice to one another, which give 
the tip of the leaf a three-pointed appearance. 
The flowers ftand in the byfoms of the leaves 
all the way up the tops of the flaiks : they are 
fmall, and of a whitifh red. 
The feed-vefTels arc oblong, and the feeds 
are fmall. 
It is a native of Italy, and flowers in Afiguft. 
Linna;uscal]s it Euphrafia foliis linearibus tricuf- 
pidatis. 
3. Low purple Eyebright: 
Euphrafia pumila fiore rubra. 
This is a very fmall, but fmgular and pretty 
fpecies. 
The root is fmall, oblong, divided, and hung 
about with many fibres. 
The ftalk is angulated, ''fhort, redifh, and 
fomewhat hairy : it is feldom at all branched, 
and is about four inches high. 
The leaves ftand in pairs, and have no foot- 
ftalks ; they are fhort, broad, and very deeply 
indented, in fuch a manner that they refemble 
the fingered leaves of thofe plants which have 
them divided down to the bafe into narrow and 
long fegments. 
The flowers are large for the bignefs of the 
plant, and purple. 
The feed-vefTels are large, and the feeds whitifh."" 
It is a native of Italy, and flowers in May. 
C. Bauhine calls it Euphrafia pratenfs latifolia 
Italica. Columna, Euphrafia latifolia pratenfs, 
Thefe feveral fpecies agree in virtues with the 
common Englifh kind, and are in the fame de- 
gree of eftimation there that ours is here. 
This plant bruifcd and laid upon the eyes in 
cafes of inflammations is a fpeedy remedy. They 
throw a large quantity of it into their wine as it is 
making, and keep it for old mens drinking, to 
preferve their fight. They alfo eat the young 
fhoots and tops of the feveral fpecies among their 
fallading for the fame purpofe. 
GENUS XII. 
C O W - W H E A T. 
M E L J M P r RU M. 
fTtlE flower con fifts of a fmgle petal, and approaches to the labiated lhape : it is formed into a 
^ tube and two lips : the tube is long and crooked ; the upper lip is galeated, flatted, and niped 
at the top, and turns back at the edges : the low«r lip is divided into three equal blunt fegments, and 
has two eminences in the middle. 
The cup is tubular, and lightly divided into four fegments : the fced-veflel is oblong, flatted, and 
pointed at the top, 
LinnJeus places this among the didy)iam'ia mgkfperini a ; the threads in each flower being four ; two 
longer, and two Ihorter : and the feeds contpined in a caplule. 
2 DIVI; 
