The BRITISH HERBAL. 
SERIES r. 
Natives of Britain, 
Thofe of which one or more fpecies are naturally found wild in this country, 
GENUS I, 
WALLFLOWER. 
L E U C 0 I U M, 
'T'HE flower Is compofed of four large petals : the pod is long, flender, flatted, formed of twp 
valves, containing two cells, and terminated by a ftyle, which is fplit at the top: the cup 13 
compofed of four long, narrow leaves, and falls with the flower : the feeds are oval and flatted. 
Linnsus places this, with the reft of the filiquofe plants, among the tetradymmia filiquofn ; but he 
abolifhes its received name kuccium, calling it cheiranthus. 
There is one Angular plant of this genus, the pod of which, inftead of terminating in two, has 
three points. Many have of late made of this a particular genus, under the name of ^iT^v/m; ; but 
LinnjEUS much more juftiy refers it to the refl, not allowing this alone a fuflicient diftiniflion for a 
new genus. 
The botanifts of late time have accounted it an lionour to conftitute new genera ; and have there- 
fore fought the moll trivial marks for a diiliadiuii, which ought to be founded only on the greatcft 
and moft obvious. 
The Arabians call the common yellow ivallfloicer, cheiri ; but it is wrong from that to derive 
name cheirmthus for the whole genus. 
DIVISION I. BRITISH SPECIES. 
I. Common Wallflower. 
Leitcoium luteum vuharc. 
The root is divided into a number of long, 
fl;raggling parts, each furnifhed with numerous 
/ibres. 
The ftalk is round, firm, upright, hard, and 
very much branched. 
The leaves are long, narrow, and of a frelh 
green : they have rio footftalks ; they adhere by 
the bafe, and ihey are undivided at the edges. 
The flowers grow in a kind of fpikes at the 
top of the ftalks and branches ; and they are 
large, yellow, and fweet fcented. 
The pods are long, flender, and whitifh : the 
feeds are flatted and I'raall. 
It is common on old walls, and in fome places 
on rocks ; and has thence, for its beauty and fra- 
grance, been introduced into gardens, v/here the 
flower, and indeed the whole plant, grow much 
larger than in the wild ftate. 
C. Baubine calls it Leucoium hucmn 'vul^ave; 
and moft others follow him. 
When carefully cultivated the flower gets 
ftreaks of a redifii or deep orange colour; and at 
other times it is rendered large and full of leaves : 
thefe are the bloody wall and the douhlc ivall of our ' 
gardeners. 
It were well if we could accufe none nbove the 
rank of gardeners with raifing thefe varieties into 
the imaginary place of fpecies ; or if thefe were 
all fo treated. We fee more of them, and in 
Confiderable writers. 
C Bauhine defcribes, i. one with ferratcd 
leaves; n. one with great flowers; ^ »Kt^K 
double; and, 4. a leflTcr, double 'isalljlozve;- : the{^ 
are all varieties owing to culture i and thus of 
one plant are made five. 
2. Sea Wallflower. 
Leucoium mariiimum fiUqiiis tricufpldaih, 
I'he root is long, flender, and furniflied wUh 
a few fibres. 
The ftaiks are numerous, weak, and branched; 
they fland but irregularly upright, and they are 
of a pale colour, and a little hairy. 
The leaves flrand irregularly, and are long, 
narrow, and deeply indented at the edges : they 
grow without footftalks, and are fumewhat hairy, 
and their colour is a pale whitifli green. 
The flowers ftand at the tops of the ftaiks and 
brarrchesi and they are large and white. 
The feed-vcflels are long, fomewhat thicker 
than in the common kind, and hairy; but what 
is very Angular in them is, that each terminates 
in three points, inftead of the two of the com- 
mon kind. 
'J lie feeds are fmall, oval, and flatted. 
It is found on the coafts of Wales and Corn- 
wal ; and flowers in July. 
C. Bauhine calls it Leucoium 7naritwiufn fmuato 
folio. 
We have this in fome gardens in its natural 
condition ; and we fee it in others railed to ^ 
greater flze, and into varieties, called diftinft fpe' 
cies by fome, from culture. 
What we call ftock Julyflowers are of the fame 
genus wjth i^allfiowers^ diflering only as fpecies, 
though the diftinction be very evident, 
Q 0 0 Tbefg 
