234 
The B R I T 1 S H H E R B A L. 
Thefe two plants are the only natives of our 
country ; the firft is the mother plant of all that 
variety of ivails in our gardens ; and the latter 
of feme of the ftocks : thus our people abbre- 
viate the proper expreffions of the kinds. The 
latter is plainly of the ftock Julynov/er, or, as 
it is vulgarly expreffed, the Jlock kind. 
Great virtues have been attributed to the ku- 
DIVISION II. 
1. Square-podded Wallflower. 
Leucohm Jiliquis quadratis. 
The root is long, thick, and furnilhed with 
numerous fibres. 
The firft leaves rife in a large tuft, and are 
long, narrow, of a faint green, and without 
footftalks. 
The flalk is firm, upright, fingle, and fcarce 
at all branched, and is of a pale colour, and a 
foot and half high. 
The leaves are numerous; they are long, nar- 
row, hollowed, and have ufually a dented edge : 
they are fliarp-pointed, undivided at the edges, 
and of a pale green. 
The flowers are yellow and fragrant, like thofe 
of the common vjallfiower, but finaller. 
The feed vefil-ls are fquare, and the feeds are 
rounded and flat. 
It is frequent on barren grounds in France and 
Italy i and flowers early in fummcr. 
C. Bauhine calls it Laicoium luteimi fylvejlre 
migiiftifolium. Others, Leucoium fyheftre. Our 
gardeners, the Upright imllfiower. 
2. Common Stock Julyflower. 
Leucoium incatium vulgare. 
The root is large and fpreading. 
The flalk, or, as it may be better termed, the 
main flem, is round, thick, white, naked for a 
conliderable height, and from thence upwards 
divided into numerous branches, and 'crowded 
with leaves. The plant grows to two feet or more 
in height, and has the afped of a little fiirub. 
The leaves ftand irregularly on it : they are 
numerous, long, narrow, and hoary of a pale 
greyifli green, foft to the touch, not at all 
divided at the edges, and blunt at the points. 
The flowers ftand in a kind of fpike at the tops 
of the ftalks, and are large and handfome: their 
natural colour is a deep purple, and they are 
Ibmetimes white. 
The leed-veflTel is flatted, and as it were cut 
oft' at the top; the feeds are fmal! and flatted. 
Ic is a native of Spain, and thence brought 
into our gardens, where, in this natural ftate, it 
is called the Jfbck Julyjioiver, or fmgle ftock. Cul- 
ture doubles ftripes, and enlarges the flowers ; 
and in theie feveral appearances it is defcribed by 
ibme, too attentive to frivolous diflindtions, un- 
der the names of fo many diflind fpecies. 
As the common Englip wallflozver is the origin 
of all the ivalls of our gardens, this Spanifh kind 
is the fource from whence induftrious art has 
produced all the double, and otherwife varied 
ftocks. 
4 
coium ; but they are at prefent not much re- 
garded. The flowers are celebrated jgainll dif- 
orders of the head and nerves, and not withoiiC 
fome foundation in truth. A confervc of thctn 
is the beft method of taking them. 
The tops of the plant are faid to be promoters 
of the menfcs ; and the feeds have be,n recom- 
mended in paralitick cafes. The csir-piii n'iU 
walljio'-ji^er is beft. 
C, Bauhine calls this Leucoiuva iucavo folii^ 
kortenfe. Label, Viola f.lla. 
3. Little Stock with dentated leaves, 
Leucoium viinus dentatis foUis. 
The root is compofed of a few fibres. 
The ftalk is flendcr, upright, of a whitifli co- 
lour, and a foot high. , 
The leaves are numerous, and placed irregu- 
larly : they are long, narrow, and of a greyifh 
colour, "hoary, and loft i and they are dentated 
at the edges. 
The flowers ftand at the tops of the flalks iii 
a kind of luufe fpikes ; and chcy are final!, and 
of a pale purple. 
The feed veflcis are long, rounded, and fliarp 
at the point. 
The feeds are oval and flat. 
It i:. a native of the coail of Spain, and flov/ers 
in July. 
C, Bauhine calls it Leucoium incrinum minus, 
4. Narrow-leaved fea Stock. 
Leucoium mariiimum foUis anguftls. 
The root is large and fpreading. 
The flalk is tliick, upriglit, and bufiiyj naked 
toward the lower part, but upwards covL-rcd with 
leaves: its colour is a greyifli white, anditslLb- 
fl:ance firm. 
The leaves ftand irregularly ; and they are 
narrow, oblong, and fomewhat finuated at the 
edges : they are foft to the touch, and t!u-ir co- 
lour is a iaint green, with a tinge of bluilli, or 
greyifli . 
The flowers are large, and of a deep unplcaf- 
ing purple: they ftand in a kind of loofe fpike 
at the tops of the ftalks, and have very fliort 
footftalks : the petals are placed regularly, but 
they are ufually undulated at the edges, 
The feed-vefTels are long and large ; and the 
feeds are large and roundifli. 
It is common about the coafts of Italy, and 
fometimes is feen far from the fea, both there 
and in other warmer parts of Europe. 
C. Bauhine calls it Leucoium mariiimum ajigiifti- 
folium. Boccone, Leucoium minus lcivc7idida 
folio ohfoleto fiore. The flowers fometimc. arc 
v/hite. 
5. Small fea Stock. 
Leuccium purpureim mariiimum minus. 
The root is long and thick, and is furniOied 
with many fibres. 
The leaves that rife Eril from it are In a thick 
tuft ; 
FOREIGN SPECIES. 
