The B R I T I S FI HERBAL, 
perience'fliews they rife dif^inftly from the fepa- 
rate feeds. 
Ray calls tWifBur^ana foUis m'mcrihus et fre- 
quenlitis fmmtis. Others,, Barbarea fracox. 
Ray feparates ihefe three laft plants from the 
two firft, under the title of eruca fpurin ; but as 
the principal diftinffion he giVes is in the tafte, 
there was no occafion to treat of them diiHnflly. 
He alfo very properly adds to them the plant 
called hedge-mujiard, though commonly joined to 
the eryfimumSt to which it is lefs like in the pod. 
6. Hedge-Mui]:ard. 
Eruca fyheftris eryfmiim vulgare dicfa. 
The root is long, flcnder, and furniflied with 
many fibres. 
The firfl leaves are large, numerous, and of a 
faint, but pale green : they are very deeply divided, 
in refemblance of the pinnated form, and are cut 
and jagged alfo on the edges of the fegments. 
The ftalk is round, firm, upright, very much 
branched, of a pale green, very tough, and a 
foot and half high. 
The leaves are placed irregularly on it, and 
refemble thofe from the root, being deeply di- 
vided, in refemblance of the pinnated form, and 
the fegments again notched at their edges. 
The flowers are fniall and yellow: they ftand 
in little tufts at the tops of the branches, and are 
but of fliofc duration. 
The pods are very flendcr, and flick clofe to the 
ftalks. 
The feeds are fmall and brown. 
It is common on dry banks, and Bowers in 
July. 
C. Bauhine calls it Eryfimm milgare. Ray, 
Eruca hirfuta filiqxia cauli appyejfa cryfim:m 
dm a. 
This fpecies rocket is celebrated againft dif- 
eafes of the lungs. The juice is excellent in 
atlhmas, and a fyrup made of it in all oppref- 
fions and ftuffings up of the breafl:, as alfo againft 
inveterate coughs. The other fpecies are of the 
nature of the garden-rocket^ celebrated as a pro- 
vocative to venery ; but their virtues are inferior 
to thofe of this cultivated kind. 
DIVISION II. FOREIGN SPECIES. 
I. Garden- Rocket. 
Eruca fativa. 
We have often had occafion to complain of the 
improper names given by our EngUfh gardeners 
to the plants broughr into their care for their ufe 
or beauty. In the prefent plant we have a fmgu- 
lar inflance : they know it little, and, when 
they have any acquaintance with it, 'tis under the 
name of racket, Ihis is only a depraved way of 
fpeaking the proper word ; but that they ufe as 
the name of a plant altogether difi'erent, as we 
have fliewn already. The common hefperis^ or 
daynes violet, is what they call rocket. 
The true garden rocket, here to be defcribed, 
is a tall plant, of irregular growth, and no great 
beauty : it got its place in gardens not as a 
flower, but ufeful plant. 
The root is long, flender, hard, and furniHied 
with many fibres : the firfl: leaves are numerous, 
long, and irregularly divided in the pinnated 
manner, with a great, odd fegment at the end. 
The ftalks are numerous, round, upright, and 
a yard high. 
The leaves on them fland irregularly, and re- 
femble thofe from the root, but that they are more 
deeply divided. 
The flowers ftand in a loofe fpike, at the top 
of the ftalks, and are of a faint, ycliowiili hue, 
ftreaked with black. 
The feed-vefTels are long and thick. 
It is a native of Italy, and flowers in Auguft. 
C. Bauhine calls it Eruca latifoUa fativa aiha 
Diofcoridis. Others, Eruca fativa, Eruca bor- 
tenjis, and Ei'uca Romana. 
GENUS VIII. 
CABBAGE. 
B R A S S I C J. 
THE flower is compofed of four petals, of an oval form, undivided, regularly opening in a 
crofs-like form, as in the reft of this clafs, and with flender bottoms : the cup is compafed of four 
irreenifli leaves, and falls with the flower : the feed-veflil is long, rounded, but dcprefltd each way, 
and is parted into two cells by a membrane, which is longer than its two fides : the feeds are round i 
and the leaves are large and flefhy, and of a bluifli green. 
Linnreus places this among the tetradynamia filiqiwfa ; the flower having fix threads, four of which 
are longer, and two fliorter, and the feed-veflt:l being a regular pod. 
He confounds together tliis and the turnip under one common name, making the turnip 
rape, and mKt'jj, fpecies of cabbage: but in this, as other the like infl;anccs, his attachment to 
the fmaller parts of the Bower leads him to do violence to nature. The turnip and cabbage, though 
they aoree in many things, differ in others : the cup of the turnip is opener than that of the cab- 
bage, and yellow ; whereas that of the cabbage is green. The leaves alfo differ, and the root in many 
inftances in all the whole external face of the plant. This, however he has difregarded it, ought 
to be taken notice of in all diftinftions. The rape, itavew, and turnip, are indeed all evidently of 
the fame kind, as we fliall Ihew ; but they conftitute a genus quite diftina from the cabbage. 
, D I V K 
