242 
The BRITISH HERBAL. 
it were knotty, the fteds fliewing thcmrelvcs 
tlirough them. 
The feeds are naturally white, whence the plant 
has its name white mujiard ; but they fometimes 
lofe that colour, and become brown or redilh : 
they are very large and round. 
J. Bauhine, who is happier in his diftindlions of 
the mujiard kind than Cafpar, calls this Siimpi al- 
iim filiqua hirfuta femine cibo njel rufo. C. Bau- 
hine calls it Sinapi apii folio\ but this is not a 
good chara£ler of the leaf, the divifion not be- 
ing fo frequent or deep as to require fuch a de- 
le ription. 
It is common in wafte places, and is often cul- 
tivated in gardens. 
The two kinds of mufiard agree in their vir- 
tues, which are very confiderable. 
The yuung fhoots are eaten as fallet with thofe 
of radifh, and fome others : thefe make together 
what the gardeners call young falielmg^ or fpring 
faUeting ; and this way they are very wholefome. 
The feeds are of frequent ufe at our tables, and 
are very wholefome : bur, befidc their ufe with 
OUT food in the way of mufiard, they are fre- 
quently taken whole as a medicine. 
This way given, they are excellent againft 
rheumatic complaints, and againft the falling, 
licknefs. 1 hey operate by urine, and moderately 
promote the menfes ; and at the fame time that 
they have thefe feveral good efFetts, they 
ftrengthcn the ftomach, prevent flatulences, and 
create an appetite,- 
A table-fpoonful of the feeds unbruifed may be 
taken for this purpofe every morning. 
In thofe pains of the back to which gouty 
people are fubjeft, and which are ufually attended 
with fomewhat of the gravel, this is an excellent 
remedy. 
The feeds bruifed, and applied to the Ikin, 
bring on a redncfs and heat : they are a gentler 
kind of blifler, and in this ufe are called fma- 
DIVISION II. F 
1. Rocket'lcaved Muftard, 
* Simpi ernCiS fciio. 
The root is long, flender, and hung with a few 
fibres. 
The firft leaves are numerous, and very large : 
they are long, broad, and regularly divided into 
four or five pairs of fegments at the edge, fo 
that they refemble pinnated leaves : all thefe feg- 
ments, as well as the terminating one, are long, 
narrow, and undivided, and the whole leaf is of 
a faint green. 
The ftalk is round, upright, and divided Into 
many branches : it grows to afoot and half high, 
and thick ki with leaves ; thefe are large, and in 
pifms. Thefe are good in paralytic caft-s, and 
often in fevers attended with light- he^dednefs. 
3. Charlock. 
Sinapi avjenfc rapifirmn diSlum. 
The root is long, flender, white, and furnifhed 
with a few fibres. 
The firft leaves arc long, large, and of a dead 
ycllowiai green : they are deeply divided at the 
lower part, in fuch a manner as to bear a rude re- 
femblancc of the pinnated form, and terminated 
by a Urge, oblong piece; that and all the other 
fegments being fomewhat pointed at the ends, 
and ferrated at the edges. 
The ftalks are numerous, round, branched^ 
and a foot and a half high ; but they do not ftand 
regularly upright. 
The leaves on the lower part of thefe ftand ir- 
regularly, and refemble thofe from the root; but 
thofe near ths tops of the branches are fimple, 
fmall, oblong, and undivided. 
The flowers are moderately large and yellow. 
The pods are large, long, and full of large 
feeds : they ftand out from the ftalks. 
The feeds are of a deep blackilli colour. 
It is very frequent in cultivated land, to the 
great injury of the farmer. It Bowers in July.. 
C. Bauhine calls it Rapijlrum arvcrum Jlore lu- 
tco, and others follow him. 
The firft appearance of this plant is not unlike 
that of the turnip, and very unhappy miftakcs 
have arifen from this refemblance. A farmer 
who has fent in unflcilful weeders to clear a tur- 
nip-field, has had all his turnips pulled up, and 
all the charlock left. The roots at this early pe- 
riod of growth have littlii difference ; but the 
charlock leaves are more pointed at the ends. 
There is a white-flowered plant, commonly 
numbered with the charlock among the tmjlard 
. kind ; but it is properly a raphaniftrm, and will 
be defcribed in its place in a fucceeding genus. 
OREIGN SPECIES. 
all refpcfts refemble thofe from the root, each 
being divided deeply into narrow fegments. 
The flowers are fmall and yellow ; they ftand 
at the tops of the ftalks and branches, and are but 
of fhort duration ; but they are quickly fucceeded 
by others. 
The feed-veftels ftand in a long fpike, and at 
a good diftance from the ftalk. 
The feeds are large and brown. 
It is common in France and Italy, and flowers 
in June. 
C. Bauhine calls it Shtapi eruc^ folio, a name 
very well exprcfling the plant, its leaves much 
refembling thofe of the 'jiild rocket. Others, St- 
napi fyh^jtre mims. 
GENU S 
