The BRITISH HERBAL. 
341 
are of a pale flefh-colour : fingly they are fmall, 
but the tufts of them are large and beautiful. 
The feed is fmall, and fingle : it Hands na- 
ked, and winged with down. 
It is common in meadows, and flowers in July. 
C. Bauhine calls it Valeriana palujtrh minor. 
Others, Valeriana fyheftris minor. 
4. Little-flowered Marfli Valerian. 
Valeriana paluftris florihis minimis. 
The root is compofed of numerous, thick 
fibres. 
The firll leaves are placed fingly on long, flcn- 
der footftalks ; and are oblong, undivided, and 
of a dufliy green. 
The ftalk is upright, ftriated, not at all 
branched, of a pale green, and two feet high.^ 
The leaves on it are placed oppofite, and pin- 
nated : the pinns are narrow ■, and the colour is 
a pale green. 
The flowers fl:and in tufts at the top of the 
fi:alks ; and they are very fmall, and of a faint 
flefii-colour. 
The feeds are large, fingle, oblong, and winged 
with down. 
It is common in boggy places, and flowers in 
July. 
Ray calls it Valeriana fyhejiris f.ve palujlris mi- 
nor altera. 
All thefe fpecics agree in their nature and qua- 
lities with the fecond kind ; but they pofTels them 
in an inferior degree. The great care niuft be» 
not to gather by miftalce one of them for another. 
This fingle caution may prevent the error, that 
thefe grow in wet places, and that always in dryj 
upland ground. 
DIVISION XL FOREIGN SPECIES. 
I. Garden Valerian. 
Vr.kriana hortcnfis major. 
The root is long and thick : it runs obliquely 
under the furface, and fends out many Bbres. ^ 
The firfl leaves rife in tufts on a kind of thick 
fhoots from the main root : thefe are placed fingly 
on lung, (lender footftalks ; and they are oblong, 
moderately broad, narrow, at the bale, obtufe at 
the end, not at all divided at the edges, and of a 
ftrong and plcafant green. 
The ftalk is round, upright, firm, and of a 
pale green : it is not ftriated, as in the wild 
kinds. 
The leaves on this are placed in pairs ; and 
they are large, pinnated, and of a paler green : 
each is compofed of about four pairs of pinns, 
with an odd one at the end of the rib and thefe 
are narrow, pointed, and undivided at the edges. 
The flowers grow in large tufts at the top of 
the ftalk, and of fhoots rifing from the bofoms of 
the upper leaves; and they are of a pale red. 
The feed is fingle, large, and downy. 
It is a native of Alface, but is kept in gardens 
for its virtue. It flowers in Auguft. 
C. Bauhine calls it Valeriana hortenfts ; and 
moft others copy that name. Some call it phu. 
The root is good againft vertigoes, pains in the 
head, and other nervous complaints. It is re- 
commended alfo greatly againft malignant fevers. 
The frefli root, given in decoflion, operates by 
urine, and is good againft obftruflions of the vil- 
cera. For nervous complaints it is beft given in 
powder \ but the root of our common wild vale- 
rian is greatly fuperior to it for this purpofe. 
2. Red Valerian. 
Valeriana fioribus rubris caudatis. 
The root is long, thick, and brown ; and has 
a few large fibres. 
The firft leaves are oblong, broad, and of a 
greyilli green : they have no tootftalks ; and they 
are fmooch, undivided at the edges, and pointed 
at the end. 
The lialk Is round, upright for two-thirds of 
its height, and of a greyifh green ; toward the 
N° 34. 
top it iifually bends, which is owing to its flen- 
dernefs, and to the weight of the tufts of flowers- 
The leaves are placed on it in pairs ; and they 
are oblong, broad, and of a bkiifh green ; they 
have no footftalks : they are undivided at the 
edges, and pointed at the ends. 
The flowers grow in great ciufters at the top 
of the ftalk, and at the extremities of fhoots ri- 
fing from the boloms of the leaves : they are of a 
beautiful red : their tubular part is very long 
and flender, and terminates in a kind of fpur. 
The feed is fingle, oblong, and winged with 
down. 
It is common wild in Italy on barren hilly 
ground, and upon walls. It flowers in Augiift. 
C. Bauhine calls it Valeriafia rubra. Othersj 
Valeriana rubra Dodon^ei. 
^ Narrow-leaved Small Valerian. 
Valeriana minor angujlifolia. 
The root is long, thick, brown, and furnifhcd 
v/ith many fibres. 
The firft leaves rife in a fmall tuft ; and are 
fupported on fliort footftalks : thefe are conti- 
nued to the bafes of the leaves, and appear to be 
only that part extended in length. 
They are oblong, narrow, and of afrefhgreen, 
ftiarp-pointed at the end ; and ufually there is one 
indenting on the fide, and no more. 
The ftalk is round, weak, and of a pale green : 
it is ten inches high, rarely branched, and fcarce 
upright, the top ufually bowing. 
The leaves on this refcmble thofe from the 
root ; but they are narrower : they have no foot- 
ftalks. Their colour is a pale, yellowifh green ; 
and they have one or two indentings. 
The flowers ftand in ciufters at the tops of the 
ftalk, and of flioots from the bofoms of the 
leaves ; but they are not fo numerous as in the pre- 
ceding kinds : they are fmall, and of a pure white. 
The feed is oblong, fingle, and winged with 
down. 
It is a native of the rocky mountains of Ger- 
many, and flowers in July. 
C. Bauhine calls it Nardo CeUico fimilis inodora* 
Others, Valeriana faxatilis^ and Valeriana Alpina 
angtifiifolia. 
4 S 4. Celtick 
