The BRITISH HERBAL. 
399 
It is common every where under hedges, gnd 
flowers in June. 
C. Bauhinc calls ii Aparine vulgeris ; a name 
copied by others. 
It is a plane of confiderable virtues. The juice 
is taken in the fpring agai^fl Icorbutick com- 
plaints with fucccfs. It alfo operates by urine, 
and is good againft the gravel. The root and 
tops given in a ftrong infufion are alfo good 
againfl obftrudtions or the vifccra. 
2. Little Wall-Cleavers. 
Sparine minima murelis. 
The root is ubiong, (lender, and furniHied witli 
a few fibres. 
The ftalks are numerous, fquare, and tole- 
rably upright : they are eight inches high, and 
are not much branched. 
'I'he leaves are placed in a ftcllate manner 
round the ftalks, about fix at a joint ; and they 
are fhort and pointed, of a pale green, and rough 
to the touch. 
The flowers grow on fiender, branched fijot- 
ftalks, rifing from the bofoms ot the leaves : they 
are finall, and of a grcenifh white. 
The feeds are roundifh and double; and they 
are not fo rough as in the other kind. 
It is found on walls and ditch-banks, and 
flowers in May. 
Kay cails it Jparine minima, 
3. Smoother-feeded Cleavers. 
Apayinc Jemine Lavicre. 
The root is compofcd of Hinder fibres. 
The ftalks are fquare, numerous, and a foo^ 
high : they are no: much branched ; and their 
colour is a pale green. 
The leaves are obloftg, narrow, blunt at the 
end, and of a duflcy green : they Hand like rays 
round the joints of the ftalks, five or fix toge- 
ther, 
The flowers are larger than in the common 
kind, and of a pure white. 
The feeds are double, and enclofed in a loofe 
fkin. This is not To rough as in the commoii 
kind, but has only a few fliort hairs upon it. 
We have it common in corn-fields. It flowers 
in June. 
Ray calls it Ajarine fcmine Uviore. 
4. Short-leaved Marfh -Cleavers. 
Aparine pahijlris foliis brevio7ihus. 
The root is oblong, fiender, and redifh. 
The fValk is fquare, rough, of a pale green, 
weak, and about a foot high. 
The leaves ftand in rays at the joints of the 
ftalks ; and they are ihore, fharp-pointed, and 
o\ a bright green. 
The flowers ftand on footftalks rifing from the 
bofoms of the leaves ; and they are white and 
fmalh 
The feeds are double, and are enclofed in a 
rough flcin. 
It is common on bogs, and in damp places un- 
der hedges. It flowers in A pril. 
Ray calls it Aparine palufiris ivinur farlfienfis 
fore albo. 
The virtues are the fame with thofe of the 
common cleavers. 
GENUS VII. 
S Q^U I N A N C Y W O R T. 
RU B I A CTNANCHICA, 
ripHE flower confifls of a fingle petal. The lower part is in form of a long tube : the run is 
fpread out, and divided into four pointed fcgments. The cup is fma)!, and divided into four 
parts; and it ftands on the rudinient of the fruit. The feeds are two after every flower-, and they 
are very large, round, and enclofed in a ioofe fkin : they grow joined together. The leaves are 
three-cornered. 
Linnaeus places this among the iclrandrta monogy^iia ; the threads in the flower being four, and the 
ftyle fingle. But he does not allow it to be a diftind genus. He joins it with the afperula or i^ood- 
ruffe^ from which it differs in the three cornered fhape of the leaves. 
Thert is but one known fpecies of this plant, and that is a native of Britain. 
SquinancyWort. 
Ruhia cynitnchicd. 
The root is long, flender, and furnifhed with 
a few fibres. 
The ftalks are numerous, fquare, redifh, not 
much branched, and about ten inches high. 
The leaves ftand in the manner of rays at the 
joints of the ftalks, fix at a joint in the lower 
part of the plant, and four at a joint in the up- 
per : they are fmall, oblong, fiender, and three- 
cornered, and fharp-pointed. 
The flowers are fmall aad red ; but they are 
numerous, and make a pretty appearance : they 
are difpofed in a kind of umbel at the tops of tlie 
ftalks. 
It is not uncommon on hilly, barren grounds. 
It flowers in July. 
C. Bauhine calls it Rubia cynanchica. Others, 
Rubeola ^uadrifolia Itcvis. 
It !s faid to be a fovereign remedy for the 
quincy ; but. there is no good authority for the 
pra6tice. 
"The END of the TWENTY-THIRD CLASS. 
THE 
