66 
MAMMALS. 
Vhodich and Craig Voakie, by the narrow glen of Loth." — {Days 
of Deer-stalking, pp. 374-7.) 
In 1621 we have a record of the wolf in Sutherland. The 
following is from a MS. Account-Book of Sir Eobert Gordon, Factor 
for Sutherland : — 
lUm. — Six poundis threttein shillings four pennies given this yeeir (1621) 
to Thomas Gordoun for the killing of ane wolff, and that according to the 
Acts of the countrey. 
And we find an earlier record still, given us by the Eev. Dr. J. M. 
Joass, to whom we are indebted for several curious items of infor- 
mation, who says : " I find in a facsimile copy of a map of Great 
Britain from the Bodleian Library, and supposed to have been 
made by Edward II. when Prince of Wales, that Sutherland has 
the figure of a wolf on the top of a mountain, with the legend — 
' Hie abundant lupi.' " 
We have evidence of the occurrence, in prehistoric times, of 
the reindeer (Bangifer tarandus) and the beaver {Castor fiber), 
remains of which have been found in different parts of Caith- 
ness and Sutherland. A number of bones and pieces of horn, 
some of the latter showing the palmation by which the reindeer 
was identified, were found whilst Mr. Houstoun of Kintradwell and 
others were engaged in digging out the remains of an old tower 
there. Many of them were broken in fragments, showing the 
appreciation which the natives of the rude Stone Age had for 
marrow. 
In the county of Sutherland, Dr. J oass gives a list of sixty brochs 
and kitchen-middens ; and a map — which we speak of under Caith- 
ness — shows the localities, which are principally in the northern 
districts, and in the eastern, to the south of the Ord of Caith- 
ness. Of the importance of these brochs we will speak further on. 
Of other extinct animals we have traces of the wild -boar {Sus 
scrofa), in Gaelic traditions which still survive ; and these have 
given names to various localities in the county, such as Aultnatore — 
" The Burn of the Boar " — near Ben Loyal, where Dermid was 
slain by Fingal in revenge for seducing the latter's wife {Songs of 
i 
