FISHES. 
281 
Concerning the flat fish, Mr. Eeid says : " Since trawl- 
ing commenced here a very few years since, I frequently 
boarded them on arriving in our harbour, and found a lot 
of, to me, new species of the flounder, skate, and ray tribe, 
I have seen on one of the trawlers, in one day, not less than 
ten to twelve different species of flounders, turbot, brill, 
plaice, rough and smooth dab, holibut, common flounder, 
skald fish, I believe, and pole fluke, and two or three sole- 
looking species (but not the true sole, which I could not 
make out), with numbers of what the English trawlers call 
" witches," a little flounder about the size of our common 
flounder, but thin, light-coloured, and nearly transparent. 
I think we have some eighteen species of British flounders, 
and by sharp looking after them we could claim for Caith- 
ness twelve to fifteen of them, I should think. Skate and 
ray are also well represented by the trawlers, I should say 
by six or eight species. These I did not examine minutely, 
they are so bad and dirty to handle ; some of them were of 
very great size. I forgot one species of flounder, Miiller's 
top-knot, and I think we have the whiff, variegated sole, 
and lemon sole." 
Order PHYSOSTOMI. 
Family CYPRINID^. 
Sub-family CYPRININA. 
67. Cyprinus carpio, L. Common Carp. 
68. Carassius vulgaris, Nilss. Crucian Carp. 
69. Carassius auratus, L. Gold Carp. 
70. Barbus vulgaris, Flan. Barbel. 
71. Gobio fluviatilis, Fkm. Gudgeon. 
