16 TERMINOLOGY. 
(petiolus), the stipe (stipes), the shoot (surculus), and 
the bristle (seta. ) ? ° 
§ 13. 
‘The Stem (caulis), is peculiar to herbaceous plants, 
and elevates leaves, flowers and fruit. Its separate 
shoots are called branches (rami). Of the stem the 
following kinds are known. 
a. Simple Stems. 
t. Quite simple, (simplicissima), without any 
branches. 
2. Simple, (simplex), with very few branches: 
3. Entire, (integer), so called when furnished with 
afew branches that stand close together; the same 
term is also used when a simple stem is compared 
with a branched one. 
4. Somewhat branched, (subramosus), that somes 
times has one or two branches. 
b. Branched Stems. 
5. Branched, (ramosus), divided into several 
branches. 
6. Much branched, (ramosissimus), where all the 
branches are subdivided into a number of other 
branches. | 
7. Verticillated, (prolifer v. verticillatus), when, 
from the point there issue a number of branches, 
from the middle of which the trunk grows, so that 
the branches seem to surround the stem in.a circular 
form, as in the Scotch fir, Pinus sy/vestris. 
8s Diche. 

