78 PRINCIPLES OF BOTANY, &c. 
bottle, Centaurea Cyanus, sunflower, Helianthus az- 
nuus, &c. The kinds are, 
1. One-leaved, (monophyllum), that consists but of 
one leaf, united at the base, but divided at top. 
2, Many-leaved, (polyphyllus), that is compound- 
ed of several leaves, 
3. Simple, (simplex), when the flowers are sur- 
rounded by a single row of leaves, fig. 221. 
4, Equal, (eguale), when in a simple perianth the 
leaves are of equal length. 
5. Scaly or imbricated, (squamosum s. imbricatum). 
when the common perianth consists of closely im- 
bricated foliola, fig.-59, 76. 
6. Squarrose, (squarrosum), when the fohiola are 
bent back at the points. 
7. Scariose, (seariasum), when the foliola are hard 
and dry: this is found in the Centaurea glastifolia. 
8. Fringed, (ciliatum), when the margins of the 
foliola are beset with short bristles of equal length. 
9, Muricated, (muricatum), when the margins of 
the foliola are set with short stiff prickles. 
10. Thorny, (spinosum), -when each leafet is pro- 
vided with a thorn: there are either simple thorns, 
(spine simplices), or branched (ramosa), fig. 152. 
11. Turbinated, (¢urbinatum), when the perianth 
has quite the figure of a top, fig. 59. 
12. Spherical, (globosum), when it has the form 
of a perfect sphere, fig. 152. 
13. Hemispherical, (hemispharicum), when it is 
round below and flat above, fig. 76. 
14. Cylindrical, (cylindricum), when the perianth 
is round and long, as thick above as below. 
15. Flat, 
