120 PRINCIPLES OF BOTANY, ETC, 
than eggs with two cells; what Linnezus thus calls,: 
are generally two-celled nuts*. | 
Gadts. 
To the seed and to the pericarp belong yet other 
organs, which contribute to the accurate cunaieaes 
of his Vik. | 
1. The ariLuvs 3s a soft membrane extended 
aver the seed; it is called, 
a. Succulent, (succulentus, baccatus, s. carnosus). 
when itas thick and fleshy, as in the spindle- 
tree, Euonymus europaeus. 
b. Cartilaginous, (cartilagineus), when it 1s of 
 adirm consistence, and thick. 
¢. Membranaceous, (membranaceus), when it 
consists of a thin, transparent tunicle. 
d. Walved, (dimidiatus), when only the half of 
the seed has a covering. 
e. Torn, (/acerus), when the arillus 1s 1rregu- 
larly laciniated, fig. 206. 
Caped, (calyptratus), when it covers the top 
of the seed, as the calyptra surrounds the 
top of the theca in Mosses, (§ 111.) 
g. Net-like, (veticulatus), when it closely em- 
braces the seed like a fine web. Examples 
ob 
* In the animal kingdom there has indeed been discovered 
a leech, (birudo octoculato), whichiproduces one egg, and from 
this proceed eight, ten, or more young, But it may be ques- 
tioned whether this is really a single egg, or whether it is not 
several connected tugether ‘by some mucilaginous matter. In 
plants there is no mstanee of this‘known to me. 
of 
