“Ash 
184 PRINCIPLES OF BOTANY, ETC. 
few genera, the direction of the stamina, which in 
most he in the upper lip, that afford characters in 
this family. In the second order, (§ 140), 
fruit, which is still more different, affords a num- 
ber of characters for distinguishing genera. It is 
remarkable in this family, that some of the plants 
want a lip; those in the first order wanting the 
upper, and those in the last the under lip. mete 
crium and Ajuga may serve as examples of the first 
order; Tourettia and Castilleja of the second. ‘The 
Scordium of Cavanilles, which has an upper but no 
under lip, is an exception, as it belongs to the first 
order, i 
| § 178. 
The cruciform flower s, or the plants Boenee to 
the fifteenth class, (§ 139), on account of the great 
similarity of their parts, are with the greatest diffi- 
culty distributed into genera. It is the fruit alone 
which can distinguish them, and sometimes the 
nectaria in the flower ; the calyx very seldom, and 
according as it stands out or is close applied. The 
corolla may likewise afford a distinguishing charac- 
ter, but is in all similarly formed, and the single 
genus Iberis appears with two petals shorter than 
the rest. | 
§ 179. 
The Papilionaceee, or those of the 17th class, 
(§ 139), are likewise very similar both in flower 
and fruit. The calyx is in them the most important 
part, The characters from, the corolla are less de- 
iis cisive 5 
