964: PRINCIPLES OF BOTANY, ETC. 
issuing from it, are only its elongations which it 
makes on purpose to get proper nourishment. These 
may be cut off, and the root will always again throw 
out new elongations. ~The reot may-be divided, and 
each part will form a plant by itself; mot so the 
stem, except in some hgneous plants, where the stem 
is merely the root elongated. Resinous or dry 
plants, as Pinus, Erica, Rhododendrum, are an ex- , 
ception to this, asin them the stem can rarely be 
injured, without injurmg the whole plant. 
S259, ath 
_ Many experiments made by inverting plants, prove. 
clearly the above fact. If a plumb or cherry-tree, 
not too thick, is with its top bent towards the ground 
in the autumnal season, one half of the top covered 
with earth, and one half of the roots carefully taken 
out of the earth, covered at first with moss, and 
then gradually left quite uncovered ; if afterwards in 
the following year, the same is done with the rest of 
che top of the tree and the roots, the tree will shoot 
forth leaves on the branches of the root, and roots 
from those of its top, and if due time the root will 
come to blossom and bear fruit. A willow is best 
adapted for making this experiment in a short time, 
and with success. | Lah eos 
§ 260. 
We have seen, that from the rostel of the seed 
the root arose, and from its plumule, which is al- 
ways bending uppermost, the upper part of the plant 
above ground, whatever its shape may he. » 
The 
