NATURAL ORDERS., 
29 
22. CoLCHiCE''jE. ColcMcum tribe. Emetic and cathartic. Examples : Col- 
ehiciim, Melanihium. Tliis order is by some called Melanthacece. 
Class IV. Monocotyledons. 
Stamens epigynous, (above the germ.) 
23. Orchide''.e. Orchis-like plants. Roots fibrous or tuberous. Stem simple. 
Leaves mostly radical, sheathing ; caulineones sessile. Flowers bracted, com- 
monly in a spike, seldom solitary. Perianth irregular, 6-parted, 3 divisions ex- 
ternal, 3 internal, and 9-petaloid ; a lower one in the form of a lip, often spurred. 
Siamens 3, adrate to the style in part or wholly; two are usually abortive. 
Style thick. Stigma oblique, viscid. Examples: Orchis, Cypripedium, Neot- 
tia. Properties : farinaceous and emollient. 
24. Mu siE;. Banana tribe. Examples : Plantain-tree, {Musa,) Bread-fruit, 
{Artocarpus.) (See Plate 2. Fig. 4.) 
25. Can^nje. The Indian reed-tribe. This is subdivided into Marantacea, 
the arrow-root tribe, and A/nnmce, or Scitarninacea, the ginger tribe. Proper- 
ties: aromatic, and carminative. (Plate 3. Fig. 4.) 
26. Hydrochar^ides. Tape grass tribe. Floating plants. Examples: Hy- 
drocharis, Vallisneria. (Plate 8. Fig. 1.) 
Class V. Dicotyledons. 
Apetaloics — Stamens epigynous. Calyx superior. Monosepalous., (above the germ.) 
27. Aristolo'chi.e. Wild ginger tribe. Perennial. Flowers Gynandrous. 
Examples : Virginia snake-root, {Aristolochia,) Wild ginger, {Asarum.) 
Class VI. Dicotyledons. 
Stamens perigynous, (arwund the germ.) Perianth single, in some cases resembling a ca.yx, 
in others a corolla. 
28. Eleag^NjE. Flowers dicBcious. Fruit a drupe or nut. Leaves alternate. 
Trees or shrubs. Examples: Pepperage-tree and Eleagnus. 
29. HyMELE'.E. Under-shrubs. Stamens 8. Style 1. Fruit, a drupeole. Co- 
tyledons large, fleshy. Perisperm, thin. Examples : Leather- wood and Daphne. 
Bark caustic when chewed. 
30. Prote'.e. Silver-tree tribe. Deciduous shrubs from the Cape of Good 
Hope. Example : Protea. 
31. L,K\i'R\, {ox Laurinece.) The Laurel tribe. Trees. Flowers Enneandrous; 
4 to 6 cleft. Fruit a berry or drupe. The American plants of this family are 
the spice-bush, (Laurus benzoin,) and Sassafras. Medicinal properties various 
and important. 
32. Polygo'ne.^;. The Dock tribe. Herbaceous. Leaves alternate, at fir.st 
revolute, petioled. Flowers panicled, or in a spike. Fruit a nut, usually tri- 
angular, as in the buckwheat. Seed with farinaceous albumen. Examples: 
Dock, rhubarb, buckwheat. 
33. Atrip"lices. Pig-weed tribe. Flowers with little beauty. Herbs or 
small shrubs. The beet, poke-weed, and pig-weed, are examples of this family. 
The pig-weed is by some arranged in a new order, Chenopodeae; and the poke- 
weed in another, Phytolacceaj. 
Class VII. Dicotyledons. 
Stamens, (beneath the germ.) 
34 Amaran^'thi. Coxcomb-like plants. Stem herbaceous. Leaves entire. 
Flowers small, nuinerous, often bracted, sometimes imperfect, in a head, ra- 
ceme or spike. Perianth often coloured, monosepalous. Pericarp either a 
pyxide or utricle. Example : Amaranthus. 
35. Plantagin"e.e, Plantain tribe. Herbaceous. Leaves manv-nervecJ 
Flowers sessile, bracted in a spike. Stamens 4. Pyxide 4-ce!led, mauy-seeutju. 
Example: Plantain. Useful as a pot herb, ErnoUient. 
30. NvcTA'crNEs. Mirabilis tribe. The principal family in this order is the 
Four o'clock, (Mirabilis,) Properties : cathartic and emetic. 
37. Plumba'gines. Marsh rosemary tribe. Herbs or under-shrjibs. Leaves 
alternate or clustered. Corolla regular. Siamens 5, ovary 1-celled; ovule, pen- 
dulous. Fruit, a utricle. Properties: astring-ent, tonic. Example: Siatice. 
Class VIII. Dicotyledons. 
Corollas monopetalous. hypogynous, (below the g^ixw,') regular m irreg^uar, oearing tne mw 
mens, which generally alternate with its segments when of equal number ; germ superior. 
38, LvsiMACH'^iiE, (or Primulacece.) The Loose strife, or pr im/rose tribe. A fa mi- 
