NATURAL ORDERS. 
31 
Corolla either hj^ulate, or tubular. Stamens 5, alternating with the teeth of the 
corolla; tilamencs distinct, anthers forming a cylinder by their coherence. Ova- 
ry inferior 1-celled, with a single erect ovule. Style single; stigmas 2. Fruit 
an achenium. Seed solitary, erect. Examples: Dandelion and Lettuce. An- 
tiscorbutic, and mild anodyne. 
60. CiNAROCEPH''AL.E. Examples : Thistle and Burdock, differs little from the 
preceding. 
61. Corymbip"er.e. Thorough-woH plants. Examples : Eupatoriura ana 
Rudbeckia. Very valuable for their medicinal qualities. The compoun 1 fiow- 
ers are by some writers classed under the general head Composite, and subdi- 
vided into numerous sections, viz: Cardnacecs, or the Thistle tribe, Asf-erea, or 
the Asttr tribe, Eupatori7iea, or the Thorough-wort tribe, Jacobea^ ortheCoU's- 
fcot tribe and Heliantkea, or the Sunflower tribe. 
Class XL Dicoiyledons. 
Corolla monopetalous, epigynous, (above the germ,) anthers distinct. 
62. Dipsa'ce^. Teasel plants. Flowers densely capitate. Leaves opposite or 
whorled. Herbs or under-shrubs. Examples : Teasel, Button-bush. 
63. Rubja'cejE Bed-st^aw tribe. Leaves whorled, very entire. Flowers ax 
illary or terminal. Stamens 4, ovary simple, fruit a dieresil, 2-seeded. Exam- 
ples: Galium, Rubia. Some of this family are of use in dying. 
64. CAPRiFO'Liji':. Elder., Snow-ball, and Honey-snckle-like plants. Shrubs. 
Ovary cohering with the calyx; fruit crowned by its limb. Leaves opposite. 
Flowers terminal, corymbose cr axillary. Examples: Viburnum, Lonicera, 
Symphoria,. 
Class XII. Dicotyledons. 
Corolla polypetalous : stamens epigynous, (above the germ. ) 
65. ARA'LEiE Gmseng tribe. Calyx superior. Stamens 5 or 6, or 10 or 12, 
arising from within the border of the calyx; ovary with many cells; ovules 
solitary, pendulous; styles equal in number to the cells. Trees, shrubs, or 
herbs, re.sembling umbelliferous plants in their habit. Examples: Spikenard, 
(Aralia,) Ginseng, (Panax ) 
66. Umbel LIFTER.*:. Parsley-like plants. Stem herbaceous. Leaves mostly 
pinnate or pinnatifid. Flowers in umbels. Calyx adhering to the germ. Co- 
rolla 5-petalled. Stamens 5. Style and stigma 2. Fruit a cremocarp. Seeds 
closed, remaining after maturity, suspended to a central axis. Examples : Dill, 
Fennel, Parsley, Caraway. Uses and medicinal qualities various. The follow- 
ing subdivision has been made of this tribe: 1st, HydrocotolicB ; umbels simple 
or imperfect. Examples: Water-hemlock, (Cicuta,) Water-parsnip, (Slum,) 
Fool's-parsley, and Angelica; 2d, CavifyLosperma ; Sweet cicely, and Hemlock, 
(Conium.) 
Class XIII, Dicotyledons. 
Corolia polypetalous ; stamens hypogynous, (under the germ.) 
67. Ranuncui.a'ce.e. A very large order, containing the Virgin's-bower, Ra- 
nunculus, Anemone, Hepatica, &c. Calyx with many definite sepals, or many- 
parted. Stamens and pistils numerous. Fruit often consists of dry nuts or ear- 
pels. Herbs or under-shrubs. Leaves simple, often variously lobed and sub- 
divided, petioled. Some of this family, as the gold thread, (Coptis,) are highly 
astringent, some are valuable as dies, and some are beautiful as ornamental 
flowers. 
68. Papavera'ce.e. Poppy-like plants Lactescent. Stem herbaceous. Leaves 
alternate. Flowers solitary, in a spike or umbel. Calyx 2-3 sepalled, cadu- 
cous. Stamens numerous. Examples: Poppy, Blood-root. Properties: nar- 
cotic, anodyne. 
69. CRUcir"ER.ff:. Plants with cruciform corollas, as cabbage, turnip, radish. 
Stem herbaceous. Leaves alternate. Flowers corymbed, panicled or in a 
spike. Calyx 4 sepalled. Corolla 4-petalled, Stamens 6, solitary, 4 disposed 
in two pairs. Glands nectariferous. Fruit a silique. Chiefly useful as gar- 
den vegetables. This order is subdivided into Siliculostz, pods short, and Sitir 
quosa, pods long, 
70. Cappar'ides. a small order. Cruciform plants. Examples: Cleome 
Gynandropsis. 
71. Sapin'oi. Example: Soap-berry, (Sapindus) 
72. Acf/ra, {or Aceri lie ce ) Mcple tHbe, . Trees, with opposite, simple, ro'-'^'r 
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