66 
CLASS XXI. ORDER 1. 
tillate flowers : spatha 1-leaved, 1-flowered ; 
calyx 3-leaved ; corolla S petalled, with 6 
g-lands between the petals ; germ uiferior ; 
styles 6, 2-cleft ; capsule 6-celled, many- 
S. 
ORDER X. DECANDRIA. 
Gymnocla'dus. Staminate flowers : ca- 
lyx tubular, 5-cleft; petals 5. Pistillate 
flowers : style 1 ; legume 1-celled, pulpy 
within ; seed roundish, large, and hard, 
(coffee-bean.) 
Car"ica. Staminate flowers : calyx mi- 
nute ; corolla funnel-form, 5-cleft ; stamens 
alternately shorter, enclosed in the tube of 
the corolla. Pistillate flowers : calyx 5- 
toothed ; petals 5 ; stigmas 5 ; beriy cucum- 
ber-form, grooved, 1-celled, many-seeded, 
(false papaw-tree.) S. 
ORDER XII. POLYANDRIA. 
Menisper^mum. Staminate flowers : ca- 
lyx 2-bracted, about 6-leaved, caducous; 
petals 6-9, glandular, minute, retuse ; sta- 
mens 16-24 ; anthers adnate to the filaments, 
4-lobed, 2-celled. Pistillate flowers : germs 
and styles 3-6 ; drupes mostly solitary, 1- 
eeeded ; nut lunate, compressed. 
Cy'cas. Staminate flowers : ament im- 
bricated ; scales spatulate, single ; anthers 
globose, sessile, on a scale. Pistillate flow- 
ers : spadix compressed, 2-sided ; perianth 
Za'mia. Ament a strobile. Staminate 
flowers : scales obovate ; anthers globose, 
sessile upon scales, opening by a fissure. 
Pistillate flowers : scales peltate ; corolla 
none ; germs 2 ; styles none ; berries 2, 1- 
seeded. 
Datis^'ca. Staminate flowers: calyx 5- 
leaved ; corolla 0 ; anthers sessile, about 15. 
Pistillate flowers : calyx superior, 2-tooth- 
ed ; styles 3 ; capsules 3-angled, 3-horned, 
1-celled, many-seeded, (false hemp.) 
Thalic^Trum. See class 12: 12. 
ORDER XV. MONODELPHIA. 
Junipe'rus. Staminate flowers: ament 
ovate, whorled ; calyx a peltate scale ; an- 
thers 4 to 8. Pistillate flowers: calyx 3- 
parted ; petals 3 ; styles 3 ; berry 1 or 2- 
seeded ; nut long, 1-celled, with balsamy 
glands at the base, (red cedar.) 
Tax"us. Staminate flowers : calyx con- 
sists of 4 to 6 imbricate scales ; corolla 0 ; 
stamens 8 to 10 ; anthers peltate, 6 to 8 cleft. 
Pi.stillate flowers : style 0 ; receptacle succu- 
lent ; nut or drupe fleshy, 1-seeded. (yew.) 
CLASS XXL CRYPTOGAMIA. 
ORDER I. FILICES. 
A. Capsule having- an elastic ring at right 
angles with its opening. 
PoLYPO'DiUM. Capsules disposed in 
round, scattered fruit-dots (or clusters of 
capsules), on various parts of the lower sur- 
face of the frond ; involucrum 1. (polypod.) 
AoROS^TicHUM. Capsules numerous, cov- 
ering the lower surface of the frond ; invo- 
lucrum none. The fertile leaves differ in 
shape fi-om the barren. When old, the fruit 
often covers the whole frond, (fork-fern.) 
Hypopei/'tis. Fniit-dots roundish, hav 
ing a cup-form involucre beneath, divided 
into 5 or 6 irregular segments ; capsules all 
sessile. 
Aspid"ium. Capsules in scattered, round- 
ish fruit-dots, on various parts of the whole 
lower surface of the frond ; involucrum a 
kidney-form, or round membrane, fastened 
to the frond in or near the centre of the fruit- 
dot, and opening on all sides, or to one side 
of the fruit-dot, and opening on the other. 
The involucrum, when a little opened, is 
often peltate, (shield-fei-n.) 
Asple'nium. Sori in lines parallel to each 
other, situated exactly upon the secondai-y 
veins of the frond ; involucres opening in- 
ward, (spleen-wort, walking-leaf) 
Scolopen"drium. Sori linear, trans- 
verse, scattered ; involucrum double, occu- 
pying both sides of the sorus, superficial, at 
length opening longitudinally, (caterpillar- 
fern.) 
Pte'ris. Capsules arranged in a contin- 
ued line along the very margin of the frond ; 
involu cres opening inward, being formed of 
the inflexed margins of the fronds. When 
the leaves are extremely small, the rows of 
cap.sule8 on opposite sides meet and cover 
the lower surface, (brake.) 
Adian"tum. Capsules disposed in oblong 
fruit-dots, arranged along the margin of the 
frond ; involucrum is formed by turning 
back the margin of the frond over the cap- 
sules, and it opens inward. The lines of 
oblong spots are generally along that mar- 
gin, which may be considered the end of 
the leaf, or of the segments of the leaf, 
(maidenhair.) 
Ono'clea. Fruit-dots indeterminate, pre- 
senting a berry-like appearance ; capsules 
covering the whole lower surface of the 
frond ; involucrum formed by turning in or 
rolling back the margin of the leaf, which 
opens inward, in maturity, toward the mid- 
rib, or remains closed. The fertile leaves 
are contracted, and narrower than the bar- 
ren ones, (sensitive polypod.) 
B. Capsule without a ring — being cellular- 
reticulate, pellucid, sub-stnate, radiate at 
tlie tip. 
Lygo'dium. Capsules sessile, ovate; 2 
ranks of small spikes issuing from the mar 
gin of the frond, radiate-striate or wrin- 
kled, opening on the inner side fi-om the 
base to the summit ; involucrum scale-like, 
covering each ca»psule. 
Schiz.s;'a. Capsules with radiating fur- 
rows at the top, somewhat turbinate, burst- 
ing laterally, sessile ; involucrum continu- 
ous, formed of the inflexed margin of the 
miilateral spikes. 
Osmun"da. Capsules globose, pedicelled, 
radiate-striate or wrinkled, having a hinge 
at the joining of the 2 valves, which resem- 
bles part of" the jointed ring of annylated 
ferns ; the capsules either occupy the whole 
frond, to a limited extent, or a panicled ra- 
ceoie The parts of the frond occupied by 
