6R 
CLASS XXI. ORDER VI. 
neath : apothecia somewhat shield form, pes- 
sile aduate, clothed with a dark membrana- 
ceous cartilage, including a somewhat solid 
parenchymous substance ; disk warty or 
circinal, plicate and margined. 
Parme'lia. Frond coriaceous, sub-mem- 
branaceous, flat, expanded, close-pressed, 
orbicular, stellate and lobed, or multifid- 
laciniate, having fibres beneath ; apothecia 
shield f oral, sub-membranaceous, formed 
under side from the frond, free, with a cen- 
tral puncture by which it is affixed ; disk 
concave, colored, covering the whole recep- 
tacle above, within similar, .sub-cellular, and 
striate, cut round, inflexed with a frond-like 
margin. 
Cetra'ria. Frond cartilaginous or mem- 
branaceous, ascending or expanded ; lobe 
laciniate, smooth and naked both sides; 
apothecia shield -like, obliquely attached to 
the margin of the frond, the lower free, be- 
ing .separated from it, the upper one sessile ; 
seed -bearing lamina forming the disk, col- 
ored, plano-concave, surrounded with a 
frond like inflexed margin. 
Cenomy'ce. Frond crusty or cartilagi 
nous, foliaceous, laciniate, .sub imbricate free 
(rarely adnate) ; bearing sub-fistulous ped- 
uncles (podetia) both barren and fertile; 
receptacles (knobs) orbicular, without mar- I 
gins, at length convex and capitate, inflated 
or empty beneath, terminal attached to the 
peduncles by their peripheries ; seed-bear- 
mg lamina forming the receptacle above, i 
thickish, colored, similar within, convex, | 
reflexed, and attached at the periphery, in- i 
vested beneath with the woolly integument 
of the frond. I 
BiCOMY'cES. Frond cmstaceous. flat, ex- 
panded, adnate ; bearing soft, solid, fertile 
podetia; apothecia capitate, without mar- 
gins, solid, terminal, sessile on the pedun- 
cles ; seed-bearing lamina covering the 
whole receptacle and adnate to it, convex 
reflexed, thickish, colored, similar within. 
Us"nea. Frond sub-crustaceous, teretish, 
branched, mostly pendulous; central part 
hyaline, elastic, composed of fascicles of 
tubes ; receptacles orbicular, terminal, pel- 
tate, foi-med wholly from the frond, covered 
all over with its cortical substance, similar, 
nearly of a uniform color ; its peripheiy des- 
titute of margin, but often surrounded by a 
ciliate edging. 
ORDER VI. FUNGI. 
Lycoper"don. Receptacle somewhat 
caulescent, at length bursting at the top, 
with scaly warts or prickles scattered over 
its surface, especially when young. Sem- 
inal dust green. 
Mu'coR. Receptacle membi-anaceous, 
globose, .stiped,at first wateiy and pellucid, 
then opake ; seeds naked, sub-cohering ; 
very minute and fugaceous. 
Ure DO. Receptacle 0; seminal dust un 
der the cuticle of leaves and stems, when 
ruptured it is easily brushed ofl* ; the little 
masses of seeds uniform, mostly globose. 
Agar"icus. Destitute of a volva at the 
base of the stipe, with or without the ring ; 
lamellae either entire or with shorter ones 
intermixed, rarely simple, ramose ; never 
veiny. 
Bole'tus. Pileus various; tubes and 
pores terete, entire. A large genus. 
