98 
CEPHELANTHUS— CHELONE. 
spikes, woolly, bracted ; leaves dec^UTent, 
toothed, spiny. Ex. 
ni'grn, (black knapweed, p. Au. 11. ) 
lower leaves angular-lyrate, upper ones 
ovate ; scales of the involucre ovate, cilia- 
ted with capillary teeth. 2 f. Ex. 
scabio'sa, (.scabrous centaury, IJ..) leaves 
pinnatifid, roughish ; divisions lanceolate, 
epreadina^, acute-pinnatifid at the base ; in- 
volucre ciliate. Ex. 
snaveo'lem, (yellow sultana, @.) leaves 
lyrate-pinnatifid ; involucre smooth. Ex. 
moscha'ta, (sweet sultana, @.) leaves 
slightly pinnatifid; lower divisions mostly 
entire ; involucre smooth. Ex. 
.CENTATJREL"LA. 4—1. (GcntianecB.) 
paiiic'ula'ta, (Sept. @.) stem branched, 
smooth ; peduncles opposite ; leaves mi- 
nate, subulate ; flowers in panicles. Damp 
grounds. Flowers small, greenLsh-white. 
4-8 i. 
vei-"na, (w. M-r. 0.) stem simple, few- 
flowered ; corolla thrice as long as the 
calyx ; style as long as the germ. 4-8. (S. 
CEPHALAN"THUS. 4—1. {RulaoB.) [From 
kephale, head, anthos, flower.] 
occidenta'lis, (button bush, w. Ju. .) 
leaves oppo.site, and in threes, oval, acu- 
minate; inflorescence a round head. 
Swamps. Var. pubes'cens,haa the leaves 
and the branchlets pubescent. 4-5 f. 
CERATIO'LA. 20—2. (Euphorbem ) 
ericoi'des, (Au. Ip .) branchlets sub-tomen- 
tose ; leaves whorled, narrow, linear, 
smooth. An evergreen shrub. 4-6 f. 
CERAN"THERA. 13—1. (Labiatece.) [From 
keras, horn, and aniAos, flower ; anthers bear- 
ing horns.] 
liuearifo'lia, leaves opposite, linear, some- 
times clustered; .stem glabrous, branching; ! 
racemes terminal ; peduncles opposite. 12 i. 
CERAS"T1UM. 10—5. (Gary ophy Ilea.) [From 
keras, horn, alluding to the form of its cap- 
sule.] 
vulga'titm, (mouse-ear, chickweed, w. 
Ap. @.) hirsute, viscid, cespitose ; leaves 
ovate ; petals oblong, about equal to the 
calyx; flowers longer than the peduncle. 
6-10 i. 
visco'aum, (sticky chickweed, w. J. @.) 
hairy and viscid, spreading ; leaves oblong- 
lanceolate ; flowers somewhat panicled, 
shorter than the pedicels. 4-6 i. 
nu'tans, (w. J. @.) vi.scid and elongated ; 
stems erect, deeply striate; leaves elon 
gated, distant, linear-oblong, acute ; petals 
oblong, bifid at the tip, longer than the ca 
lyx; peduncles much longer than the flow- 
ers. 6-12 i. 
obloiigifo'linm, (w. J. 2/.) cespitose ; pu- 
bescent ; stem erect, terete, even ; leaves 
lanceolate-oblong, rather acute, .shorter than 
the joints; flowers tei'minal, shorter than 
the pedicels; petals obovate, bifid at the 
tip, twice the lent^th of the calyx. 6-12 i. 
CERAS"US. (.See Pru'nus.) 
CERATOPHYL"LUM. 19-12. {Onagree.) 
[Named from the horned divisions of the 
leaves.] 
deme/'sum, (hornwort. Ju. 2X-) fruit arm- 
ed with 3 spines ; stem long, slender ; leaves 
verticillate in 8 ; flowers axillary, solitary 
very minute. 
submer-" sum, {11. ) leaves dichotomous in 
three pairs; fruit without spines. In water. 
CER"CiS. 10—1. (Leguminosa.) 
canaden"sis, (red-bud, judas-tree, r. M. 
Ip.) leaves round heart-lbrm, acuminate, 
villose at the axils of the nerves ; stipules 
minute; legumes short-stiped. Y&r.pubes"- 
cens, has roundish, acute leaves, pubescent 
beneath. 15-30 f. 
CETRA'RIA. 21—5. (Alga.) [From cetra, 
a buckler.] 
island"ica, (the Iceland lichen, Iceland 
moss,) frond olive-chestnut- brown, at the 
base reddi.sh-white, white beneath ; divis- 
ions erectish, sub-linear, many-cleft, chan. 
nelled, tooth-ciliate, the fertile ones dilated; 
receptacles close-pres.sed, flat. 1 colored ; 
margin frond-like, elevated, entire. On 
sandy plains, as on the barren plains near 
Beaver pond, in New Haven, where it cov- 
ers the earth very densely in many places. 
OHAiVI^'ROPS. 6—3. (Palma.) [From 
chamai, on the ground, ops, appearing.] 
serrula'ta, (E. Ju. Ip.) caudex creeping ; 
stipes sharply serrate ; fronds plaited, pal- 
mate. Fronds 2 f. S. 
pulmef'to, (Ju. ^.) caudex arborescent; 
stipes unarmed; spathes doubled; fronds 
plaited,palmate ; fronds 5-6 f. Florida. 
CHA'RA. 19—1. (Naiades.) [From chairo, 
to rejoice, because it delights in water.] 
vulga'ris, (feather-beds, Ju. @.) stem and 
branches naked at the base ; branches te- 
rete, the joints leafy ; leaves oblong, subu- 
late ; bracts shorter than the berry. Grows 
in ponds and ditches. 
Jiex"ihs, (Au. @.) stem translucent, na- 
ked ; branchlets jointless, leafless, com- 
pre.ssed ; berries lateral, naked. 
CIIEIRAN"THUS. 14—2. (Crucifera.) [From 
cheir, hand, anthos, flower, the blossoms re- 
.sembling the fingers.] 
chei'ri, (wall flower, J. 11-) leaves lance- 
olate, acute, glabrous ; branches angled ; 
stem somewhat of a woody texture. Ex. 
au"nuus, (stock july-flower, Ju. @.) leaves 
lanceolate, sub-dentate, obtu.se, hoary ; si- 
lique cylindric. with an acute apex. Ex. 
pall(is"n, (r. Ju. $ .) stem simple, terete, 
somewhat glabrous; leaves glabrous, lan- 
ceolate-lineai'. tapering, repand-toothed. 
inca'nus, (brompton stock, $ .) leaves 
lanceolate, entire, obtuse, hoary, silique 
truncate, compressed at apex. Stem 
somewhat of a woody texture. Ex. 
CHELIDO'NIUM. 12—1. (Papaveracea.) [From 
chelidon, a swallow, because it blossoms 
about the time tliis bird appears.] 
majus, (celandine, y. M. 2^.) umbels ax- 
illary, pedoncled ; leaves alternate, pinnate, 
lobed. Naturalized. 
CHELO'NE. 13—2 (Bignonice.) [From c/te- 
lone, a tortoise.] 
gla'bra, (.snake-head, w. and r. Ju. 2/.) 
leaves opposite, lance-oblong, acuminate, 
serrate ; spikes terminal, dense-flowered. 
Var.a/"^a,leaves sub-sessile ; flowers white, 
j Var. purpu'rea,\e?i\es short-petioled ; flow- 
I ers purple. Var, lanceola'ta,le-dves lanceo- 
late, acuminate, serrate, sessile, pubescent 
