P YRO D A— aUE ROUS. 
151 
jerrainal ; bracts lanceolate, acutish. 18- 
24 i. 
PYRO'LA. 10—1. {Ericas.) [From pyrus, a 
pear, so called on account of the shape of 
the leaf.7 
wfAindifo'lia, (shin-leaf, pear-leaf winter- 
green, w. J. iX-) style declined; leaves 
rounded, or broad-oval, obsoletely serrulate, 
eub coriaceous, shining; petiole about as 
long as the lamina ; scape tnany-fiowered. 
6-12 i. 
cUlp"tica, (g-w. Ju. li) leaves membran- 
aceous, elliptical-ovate, serrulate, rather 
acute, lamina longer than the petiole ; scape 
nearly naked ; bracts subulate ; calyx 5- 
toothed ; style declined ; scape 10 i. 
amrifo'lia, (g-w. Ju. 2^.) leaves reniform, 
coriaceous, half as long as the dilated 
petiole; raceme many-flowered; stigma 
clavate ; the disk elongated and 5-lobed. 
Dry woods. 
secun"da, (one-sided wintergreen, g-w. 
Ju. 11.) stamens erect; style straight; 
leaves ovate, acute ; secund. 2-3 i. Sandy 
woods. 
unijh'ra, (J. Z^.) flower solitary ; leaves 
orbicular, serrate ; stigma acute ; style 
straight. 5-toothed ; flower terminal, large, 
white, fragrant, nodding. Chiefly la nor- 
thern latitudes ; rare. 
aphyV'la, style declined ; scape and stalk 
leafless, scaly ; scales lanceolate, membran- 
aceous; scape angular. 
mi'no?; (w-r. Ju. 2X.) style straight; leaves 
round-oval, serrulate; scape sub-naked; 
spike with flowers reversed. 
PY'RUS. 11—5. (RosacecE.) [Origin of the 
name doubtful.] 
corona/ria, (cri b apple, w-r. M. ^ .) leaves 
bi'oad-oval, at the base rounded, sub-angled 
or sub lobed, serrate, smooth; peduncles 
coiynabed. Flowers sweet scented. 
commu'ttis, (pear, w. r. M. ^.) leaves 
ovate, serrate, (rarely entire] ; peduncles 
corymbed. Ex. 
ma'lus, (apple, w. r. M. ^ .) flowers in 
sessile umbels ; leaves ovate-oblong, acu- 
minate, serrate, glabrous ; claws of the 
petals shorter than the calyx ; styles glab- 
rous. Yar. selves 'tris,{w\\d-a.pple,) leaves 
ovate, serrate; fruit small, rough to the 
taste. The various kinds of apples are but 
varieties of the same species. 
cydo'nia, (quince, w. J. $^ .) flowers soli- 
tary ; fruit tomentose ; leaves ovate, entire. 
Ex. 
angustifo'lia, (M. ^ .) leaves lance-oblong, 
Bt the ba.se acute, slightly crenate-toothed, 
Bhining; peduncles coiymbed. Fruit very 
email. Flprida. 
pntnifc/lia, (Siberian crab, w. r. M. 1? .) 
umbels sessile; pedicels pubescent; styles 
woolly at the base ; leaves ovate, acumi- 
nate. 12-15 f. 
spectah"ilU, (Chinese crab or garland 
flowering wild apple,) produces very showy 
flowers in May. Cluite hardy. Ex. 
corona'ria, (sweet-scented crab,) large 
and beautiful pink blossoms, very fragrant. 
Ex. 
astracanf'ica, (moscow or transparent 
crab,) fruit very large, wax-colored, almost 
transparent when ripe. Ex. 
salvifo'lia, (w.) leaves woolly. Ex. 
ainyg"dal(Bfo/'mis, leaves silvery-white , 
fruit shaped like that of the almond. Ex. 
Jloribun" da, grows about four feet high, 
and sends down weeping branches, which 
are covered with a profusion of white flow- 
ers. Ex. 
QUER"CUS. 19—12. (Amentaceoe.) [From 
quero, to inquire, because the Druids gave 
their divinations from this tree.] 
1. Fructification biennial; leaves seta- 
ciously mucronate. 
Leaves entire. 
pJieflos, (willow oak, M. ^.) leaves decid- 
uous, linear-lanceolate, tapering at each 
end, very entire, glabrous, mucronate ; 
acorn roundish. Var. humil"is, low and 
straggling ; leaves shorter. 30-60 f. 
imbrica'na, (shingle-oak, M. ^.) leaves 
deciduous, oblong, acute at each end, mu- 
cronate, very entire, shining-pubescent be- 
neath ; cup shallow ; scales broad-ovate ; 
acom sub globose. 40-50 f. 
2. Leaves deyitate or lobed. 
trilo'ba, (downy black-oak, M. ^ .) leaves 
oblong-cuneiform, acute at the base, sub-3- 
lobed at the af)ex ; lobes equal and mucro- 
nate, tomentose beneath ; cup flat ; acorn 
depressed-globo.se. 
aquaf'ica, (water-oak, M. ^ .) leaves obo- 
vate, cuneifoi-m, glabrou.s, very entire ; apex 
ob.scw^ly 3-lobed, middle lobe longest ; cip 
hemispheric ; acom sub-globose ; leaves 
very variable. 30-40 f. 
ni'gra, (barren oak. blackjack, M. .) 
leaves coriaceous, cuneiform, sub-cordate at 
the base, dilated, and retusely 3-lobed at the 
apex ; when young, mucronate, glabrous 
above, ru.sty and pulverulent beneath ; cup 
turbinate; scales obtuse and scarious 
acom short, ovate. Small. 
cates"baei, (barren scrub-oak, M. 
leaves short-petioled, cuneate at the base, 
oblong, deeply sinuate, glabrous; lobes 
3-5, divaricate, dentate, acute ; cup turbi 
nate, }arge ; scales obtuse, marginal ones 
inflexed ; acorn ovate. 15 — 30 f. Bark 
used by tanners. 
palus"tris, (pin-oak,. M. ^.) leaves long 
petioled, oblong, deeply sinuate, glabrous 
axils of the veins villose beneath ; lobes di- 
varicate, dentate, acute ; cup flat, smooth 
acorn sub-globose. 
tincto'ria. (black-oak, M. .» .eaves obo 
vate oblong, slightly sinuate, pubescent be 
neath; lobes oblong, obtuse, obscurelj 
toothed, mucronate ; cup flat ; acom de 
pressed, globose ; bark dark-colored. 
banrmte'ri, (scrub-oak,) leaves on long 
petioles, wedge-obovate, 3-5 lobed, entirt 
on the margin, grayish-tomentose beneath 
lobes setaceously mucronate ; cup sub-tur 
binate; acorn sub-globose. Dry hills am 
barrens. 4-6 f. 
ru'bra, (red-oak,) leaves lai*ge, brigh 
green ; sinuses rounded ; cup of the coroll 
shallow, base flat. 
coccin!'ea, (scarlet-oak,) diBtinguished h" 
