153 
RANUNCULUS. 
ihe brilliant red of its leaves toward the 
dose of autumn ; acorn short, ovate ; cup 
turbinate, scaly. The wood is used for 
cooper's staves. 
3. Friictijication anmuil ; fniit peduncled ; 
leaves awnJesa, Inhed. 
obtusilt/ba, (iron-oak, po.st oak,' M. ^ .) j 
leaves oblong-, sinuate, cuneate at the ba.se. j 
pubescent beneath ; lobes obtuse, the upper ] 
dilated ; cup hemispherical ; acorn oval. hem/Kphei-^'ica, (M. Tp .) leaves perennial, 
30-50 f I lance-oblong, undivided. 3 lobed. and sinu- 
aV'ba. (white-oak, M. .) leaves oblong-, i 
sinuate-pinnatifid, pubescent beneath ; lobes j 
obtuse, entire, narrowed at their bases, par- 1 
pit'mila, (Ap. f>.) leaves decidnons ob- 
long-lanceolate, sub-undulate, acute and 
mucronate at the apex, glabrous above to- 
mentose beneath; acorn nearly spbercal. 
2f 8. • 
mariti'ma, (Ap. leaves perennial, co- 
riaceous, lanceolate, entire, glabrous, taper- 
ing at the base, acute at the apex, mucro- 
nate ; acorn oval. 4-10 f. S. 
ticularly on full-growoi trees ; fitiit pedun 
cled ; calyx somewhat bowl-form, tuber- 
cled, flattened at tlie base ; acom ovate. 
Fertile forests throughout the U. S. Tim- 
ber firm and durable, of great use in ship- 
building, and in many other arts. 70-100 
feet high. 
macrocar"pa, (over-cup oak, M. ^ .) leaves 
downy beneath, deeply lyrate, sinuate- 
lobed ; lobes obtuse, repand, upper ones 
dilated ; cup deep, upper scales setose ; 
acorn shor^-ovate. A large tree. 
olir(jefor"m,is, mossy-cup oak, M. I7 .) 
leaves oblong, smooth, glaucous beneath, 
deeply and unequally sinuate-pimiatiiid ; 
cup very deep, crenate above ; acorn ellip- 
tic-oval. Hills. A lar"-e tree. 
4. Leaves entire, dentate, 
pri'nus, (swamp chestnut-oak, 
leaves long petioled, obovate, acute, pubes- 
cent beneath, coarsely toothed ; teeth dila- 
ted, caflous at the point ; cup deep, attenu- 
ate at the base ; acorn ovate. 
chinf'quapin, (dwarf chestnut oak, chin- 
quapin, M. I7 .) leaves obovate, obtuse, glab- 
rous, short-petioled, coarsely toothed, glau- 
cous beneath ; teeth nearly equal, dilated, 
callous at the apex ; cup hemispheric ; 
acorn ovate. A low shrub. 3 4 f 
moiita'na, (rock chestnut oak, M. 1^.) leaves 
petioled, broadobovate, oblong, white- 
tomentose beneath, shining above, coarsely 
toothed, obtuse and unequal at the bane ; 
teeth nearly equal, very obtuse ; fruit in 
pairs, short-peduncled ; cup hemispheric, 
scales tuberculate, rugose ; acom ovate. 
30 50 f 
casta' nea, (yellow-oak, M. 2^.) leaves 
loug-petioled, lance-oblong, obtuse at base, 
acuminate, tomentose beneath, coarsely 
toothed ; teeth unequal, dilated, acute, cal- 
lous at the apex ; cup heraiipheric ; acom 
ovate, i^ub globose. Mountains. 60-70 f 
hi' color, (swamp white-oak, M. I7 .) leaves 
rtjrt petioled, oblong, obovate, white to- 
mentose beneath, coarsely toothed, entii-e at 
the base; teeth unequal, spread, acutish, cal- 
lous at the apex ; fruit in pairs, long-pedun- 
cled ; cup hemispheric ; acom oblong ovate. 
Var. moriisAeaves toothed, sub-fenuginous 
,.wiid sf)ft-pube.scent beneath. 60-70 f S. 
xiir"enH, (live-oak, M. ^ .) leaves peren- 
nial, coriaceous, oblong-oval, entire, mar- 
gins revolute, obtuse at base, acute at the 
apex, stellate pubescent beneath ; fruit ped- 
icelled ; cup turbinate , acorn oblong. 
40-60 f Florida. 
ate ; lobes mucronate, glabrous on both 
I sides. Resembles the aqvat"ica. S. 
I lanrifo'lm, (Ap. ^ .) leaves nearly peren- 
! nial, se.ssile, lance-oblong, sub-acute, taper- 
ing at the base, entire, glabroos on both 
sides; acorn sub-ovate. Yar.ohtu'sa,\esLvea 
obtuse at the apex. 40-50 f S. 
c'irie'ren, (Ap. ^.) leaves perennial, coria- 
ceous, oblong-lanceolate, entire, margins 
sub revolute, mucronate at the apex, stel- 
late, tomentose beneath ; fruit sessile ; aeons 
sub-globose. 20 f (S. 
myrtifo'lia, ( >> .) leaves perennial, coria- 
ceous, small, oblong-ovate, acute at each 
end, glabrous, shining and reticulate above 
margins revolute. S. 
na'iia, ( ^ .) leaves cuneate, glabrous, 
3 lobed at the summit, subrsinuate at th© 
base ; lobes divaricate, mucronate ; middle 
one largest ; axils of the veins beneath pu- 
bescent ; acom ovate, sub-globose. S. 
■micha7ix"ii, (Ap. leaves petioled, oho- 
vate, obtuse at the base, unequally dentate 
sinuate, tomentose beneath ; fruit generally 
in pairs ; acom very large, ovate. 50-60 f. 
S. 
lyra'ta, (Ap. I7.) leaves glabrous, sinuate, 
oblong ; lobes oblong, sub-acute, itpper ones 
broad, angled ; cup as long as the globose 
nut ; acom nearly covered. 60-70 f S. 
i'le.x, (evergreen oak,) a very omamentaJ 
shru b. E x. 
Incnmbea'na, fturkey-oak,) grows rapidly, 
and forms a very handsojiie pyramidal tree 
.Gx. 
B.ANUN"CULUS. 12—12. (RannnculactcE.) 
[Diminutive of rana, a frog-, because it is 
found mostly in places where frogs abound.] 
A. Leaves divided. 
abor"tivus, (y. M. 11.) glabrous; stem 
striate, naked below ; radical leaves heart 
renifoim, obtusely crenate, cauline ones 
petioled, teniate, angled, upper ones sessile, 
branches about 3-flowered. 9-15 i. 
re'pens, (y. M. IX ■) pubescent; leaves ler- 
nate, S-cleft, gashed; creeping shoots sent 
olf in the summer ; peduncles fuiTowed ; 
calyx spreading. Damp. 
a' ens, (crowfoot, buttercup, y. M. 11.) 
hairs close-pre.ssed ; leaves 3-parted, many- 
cleft, upper ones linear ; peduncles terete ; 
calyx spreading. 1 -2 f 
scelera'tus, (celery crowfoot, y. Au. 2/.) 
radical leaves petioled, 3 parted, the seg- 
ments lobed, cauline ones .sessile, 3-lobed , 
carpels small, numerous, forming an oblong 
head ; stem 1 f , succulent, bi-ancbed. 
his"pidus, (hairy crowfoot, w y.) stem and 
petioles with stiff, spreading hairs; oalya. 
I haiiy ; styles short Wet ground. 
