RAPHANUS— RHAMNUS. 
153 
recurvc^tus, calyx and corolla recurved ; 
carpels uncinate ; stem erect : petioles cov- 
ered with stiff, spreading hairs. Shady 
woods. 
pivia'tiKs, (river-crowfoot, w. y. M. 2^.) 
Btem submersed ; leaves dichotomous, cap- 
illary. 
bulbo'sus, (y. M. 2/.) very hirsute ; leaves 
ternate, 3 cleft, gashed and toothed ; stem 
erect, many-flowered; petals obcordate, 
shorter than the reflexed sepals ; root bul- 
bous. 
pennsylva'mcns, (y. Au. 2i.) stem pilose, 
erect, branching; leaves ternate, villose ; 
segments sub-petiolate, acutely .3-jobed, in- 
oisely serrate ; calyx reflexed ; petals about 
equalling the calyx; styles of the fruit 
«traight. 1-2 f. 
hirsu'tus, (pale buttercup, y. Ju. If.) hir- 
sute ; leaves ternate ; stem erect, many- 
flowered ; peduncles sulcate ; calyx reflex- 
ed; fruit globose; carpels tubercled ; root 
fibrous. Wet fields. 
difdo'nii, (y. M. 2^.) leaves ternate. 
hairy; leafets toothed and incised, cuneate, 
terminal ones petioled, floral leaves incised 
or linear ; peduncle 13 flowered ; petals 
rounded ; calyx spreading ; carpels mar- 
gined, with a short, uncinate style. 6-8 i. 
lanug-ino'sus, (y. J. 2^.) hirsute ; leaves 3- 
cleft, lobed, dentate ; whole plant silky ; ped- 
uncles elongated, terete ; calyx spreading. 
aquafilis, (water crowfoot, w. Ju. If.) 
stem floating; leaves submersed, divided 
into capillaceous segments; petals obovate- 
oblong, longer than the calyx. Var. heter- 
ophyV'lus, immersed leaves 3-parted. Var. 
capilla'ceus, leaves petioled, all immersed, 
and filiformly dissected. Var. cespito'sus, 
leaves petioled, all immersed ; base of the 
petiole broad-sheathing and auricled. Var. 
sf.agna'lis, leaves sessile, all immersed, fili- 
formly dissected, circinate ; segments short ; 
carpels rather acute, nearly smooth. 
mar-J/land/'iais, (w-y. M. 2_|[.) pubescent; 
stem simple, sub-naked ; radical leaves ter- 
nate ; leafets 3-lobed ; lobes acute, gashed ; 
calyx reflexed. 
hedera'ceus, (Ju. 2^.) stem creeping; 
leaves sub-reniform, about 3-5 lobed ; lobes 
broad, entire, very obtuse ; petals oblong, 
scarcely longer than the calyx ; stamens 
5-12 , carpels glabrous. S. 
echina'tus, (y.) simple, rather glabrous; 
leaves roundish, 3-lobed ; petals twice as 
■ong as the calyx. S. 
tomento'sus, (y. 11.) stem ascending, very 
villose, 1-2 flowered ; leaves petioled, to- 
nientose, 3-cleft, upper ones sessile, ovate, 
entire ; calyx very villose, sub-reflexed. ^S^. 
caroliniaf itus, (y.) stem erect, branched, 
and with the petioles appressed, pubescent ; 
leaves glabrous, 3-cleft or 5 lobed; lobes 
ovate, somewhat gashed, toothed; calyx 
glabrous, reflected, a little shorter than the 
petals, (S. 
trachyF'pef'''nms, (y. M.) stem, petiole, 
and leaves, villose, with the hair spreading; 
leaves 3-cleft ; lobes acutely gashed ; ped- 
uncles short, opposite the leaves; carpels 
tubercled, with the point hooked. 12-15 i. S. 
murica'tus, (v. Ap. 0.) leaves petioled, 
glabrous, routiciish, 3-lobed, coarsely tooth- 
ed ; stem erector diff'use ; peduncles oppo- 
site the leaves ; calyx spreading ; carpela 
rough-tubercled on both sides, with a 
straight-acuminate point. 12-18 i. S. 
B. Leaves uv divided. 
lin"gna, (great spearwort, y. Au. If.) 
leaves long, lanceolate, serrate, semi-am- 
plexicaulis; stem erect, smooth, many- 
flowered ; flowers large. Banks of streams. 
2 3 f. 
flammu'la, (spearwort, y. Ju.) leaves gla- 
brous, lance-linear, lower ones petioled , 
stem decumbent, rooting; peduncles oppo- 
site the leaves; flowers smaller than the 
preceding. Swamps. 12-lR i. 
pusiVhis, (y. Ju. 2X-) erect; leaves peti- 
oled, lower ones ovate, upper ones lance- 
oblong; petals about as long as the calyx. 
6-12 L 
rep"tans, (w-y. Ju. 2|.) leaves linear-sub- 
ulate ; stems filiform, creeping, geniculate ; 
joints l-flowered. 6-10 i. 
nemoro'sns, produces yellow flowers 
from May to August. Ex. 
illyr"imA, remarkable for its silky, white 
leaves. Ex. 
plantagin"eus, (A p. w.) leaves glaucous, 
lanceolate. 
RAPHA'NTTS. 14—2. {Crnc.ifera.) [From 
radios, root, phainesthai, to grow quickly.] 
sati'vus, (garden radish, w. J. ^.) leaves 
lyrate ; silique terete, torose, 2-celled. 
There are several varieties of this species — 
one has a fusiform, another a globose, an- 
other a black root. Ex. 
raphanis" tmm, (wild radish, y. Au.) 
leaves simple, lyrate ; pod jointed, 1 celled, 
striate, 3-8 seeded. 1-2 f. Stem hispid. 
Fields. 
RENSSELAE'RIA. 19—12. {Aroidem.) [In 
honor of Gen. Stephen Van Rensselaer, of 
Albany, N. Y.] 
virgin"ica, (g. J. 2^.) scapes several from 
one root ; leaves on long petioles, oblong, 
hastate-cordate, with the lobes obtuse, a foot 
or more long ; spatha lanceolate, involute, 
border undulate, closely embracing the 
spadix, which is long and slender ; berries 
1 -seeded. 12 18i. 
RESE'DA. 12—5. (Capparides.) [From re- 
seda, to appease, so called from its supposed 
virtue.s in allaying inHammation.] 
odora'ta, (mignonette, w-y. Ju. 0.) leaves 
entire and 3-lobed ; calyx equalling the co- 
rofla. Ex. 
luteo'la, (dyer's weed, y.) leaves lanceo- 
late, undulate, entire, each side of the base 
toothed; calyx 4-cleft; flowers in a spike. 
Introduced. 
mic. ran" thus, (y.) hairy ; leaves petiolate, 
somewhat rhombic-ovate, crenate, some 
3 parted or 3-cleft, cauline ones sub-sessile, 
with 3-5 linear oblong segments ; sepals 
with a broad, membranaceous border, as 
long as the corolla. Ex. 
RHAWNUS. 5--1. (Rhamm.) [From roio, 
to destroy, on accouni of Ihe uiany thorns 
of some of its species.] 
