VIOLA. 
185 
upper one generally naked, glabrons ; lat- 
eral ones densely bearded, and with the 
npper one marked with a few blue lines ; 
spur elongated behind. A variety has the 
leaves more or less villose. Dry. 
[Leaves ovate or lanceolate ; corolla white, 
with tlie lateral petals narrower. \ 
amcs.'na, (E. w. Ap. 2/.) glabrous; leaves 
»vate, sub-acuminate, crenate, sometimes 
lub-villose above ; petioles long, spotted 
jvith red ; peduncle somewhat 4-sided, 
equalling or exceeding the length of the 
leaves, spotted ; divisions of the calyx lan- 
ceolate ; petals all very entire, green at 
the base ; lateral ones sometimes with the 
ba^ie pubescent, and with the upper one 
marked with a few blue lines. Moist 
vvoods. Flowers odorous. 
primulifo'lia, (primrose-leaved violet, w. 
J. 11) stole niferous ; leaves oblong, sub- 
cordate, abruptly decurrent into the petiole ; 
nerves beneath and scape somewhat pu- 
bescent ; sepals lanceolate ; petals obtuse ; 
the two lateral ones a little bearded and 
striate ; stigma capitate, rostrate. Var. 
villo'sa, leaves very green ; petioles dense- 
ly villose, becoming hoary. Flowers 
odorous. 
blaii"da, (smooth violet, w. Ap. ZJ!.) glab- 
rous; leaves round, sometimes sub-ovate, 
crenate, appressed to the ground, some- 
times sprinkled with a few short hairs 
above ; petioles pubescent ; peduncles 
somewhat 4 sided, longer than the leaves ; 
GCgments of the calyx lanceolate, obtuse ; 
petals all very entire, green at the base; 
lateral ones slightly bearded and striate, 
the lower one distinctly striate and some- 
what bearded ; stigma depressed, rostrate ; 
corolla small, odorous. 2-4 i. Wet, low 
grounds. 
{Stemless, not belonging' to the preceding 
divisions.] 
rotundifo'lia, (O. M. y. If.) glabrous; 
leaves thickish, appressed to the earth, 
broad-ovate or orbicular, cordate, crenate ; 
nerves pubescent beneath; sinus closed; 
peduncle somewhat 4-sided, as long as the 
leaves ; divisions of the calyx oblong, ob- 
tuse ; petals sometimes emarginate, upper 
ones small ; lateral ones somewhat beard- 
ed, and with the upper one marked with a 
few yellowish brown lines ; spur very 
short Woods. 1-3 i. 
peda'ta, (M. p-b. 24.) glabrous; leaves 
eometimes ciliate, variously divided, very 
open, pedately 9-parted; divisions linear, 
aud obtu.sely lanceolate, generally 3 lobed 
at the apex, often simply lanceolate, with 
the apex 5-7-lobed ; peduncle somewhat 4- 
sided; divisions of the calyx lanceolate, 
acute, ciliate, emarginate behind; petals 
all white at the base, veinless, very entire, 
very glabrous, naked; upper one truncate, 
and marked with a few very blue lines, I 
sometimes obsolete. Var. veluti'na.haa the ! 
two lower petals of a very deep violet- I 
color, and appears like velvet. Var. al'ba, \ 
has white fiowera. Dry. 3-4 i. S, | 
B. Caulescent. 
pubes"cens, (y. 2^.) villose-pubescent; 
stem simple, erect, terete, leafless below 
leaves broad-ovate, cordate, dentate ; peti- 
oles short ; stipules large, ovate, dentate ; 
peduncles 4 sided, shorter than the leaves; 
bracts subulate ; minute divisions of the 
calyx lanceolate ; petals all very entire, 
veinless ; upper one naked, glabrous ; late- 
ral ones bearded, and with the upper one 
marked with a few blue lines ; lower ones 
often becoming reddish outside ; spur short, 
gibbous, acuti.'^h ; stigma pubescent, scarcely 
beaked. Varies in pubescence, leaves are 
sometimes glabrous ; the capsules are either 
glabrous or woolly. 4-12 i., rarely 4 f. 
rostra'ta, (beaked violet, b-p. M. ZJ!.) 
smooth ; stem diffuse, erect, terete ; leaves 
orbicular and ovate, cordate, crenate-deu- 
tate, younger ones cucullate ; stipules lin- 
ear, acuminate, furnished with elongated, 
linear teeth ; peduncles filiform, axillary, 
very long ; segments of the calyx lanceo- 
late, acute, entire behind ; petals all very 
entire, veinless, naked, beardless, upper and 
lateral ones marked with a few blue lines ; 
spur straight, linear, compressed, obtuse, 
double the length of the petals ; stigma 
sub-clavate; root woody, perpendicular, 
fibrous. Var. barba'ta, lateral petals bearded. 
6-10 i. 
stria' ta, (striped violet, y-w. J. 2X.) 
smooth ; stem oblique, branching, angular ; 
leaves roundish, ovate, sub-acuminate, cre- 
nate-dentate, sometimes sub-pubescent ; pet- 
ioles long ; stipules large, oblong-lanceolate, 
dentate-ciliate ; peduncles quadrangular ; 
bracts linear, rather large ; segments of the 
calyx lanceolate, acuminate, ciliate. emar- 
ginate behind ; petals entire, upper one 
marked with a few blue line.s, naked, 
smooth, sometimes a little villose, lateral 
ones bearded, lower one occasionally a 
little villo.se; spur sub-porrected ; stigma 
pubescent behind. 
miih'lenherg"ia'na, (slender violet, b-p 
M. li.) smooth; stem weak, sub-prostrate; 
leaves reniform-cordate, upper ones ovate, 
crenate ; stipules lanceolate, sen-ate-ciliate, 
sub-pinnate ; peduncles somewhat quadran- 
gular, axillary, lonf;;-er than the leaves; 
bracts minute, subulate; segments of the 
calyx linear, acute, sub-ciliate ; petals all 
entire, veinless ; upper ozie naked, glabrous, 
lateral ones bearded, the upper one marked 
with a few blue lines ; spur porrected, com- 
pressed, obtuse ; stigma ciliate beliind ; 
beak ascending. 3-6 i. 
hasta'ta, (halbert-violet, y. M. 2^.) smooth ; 
stem erect, simple, terete, leafy above ; 
leaves long-petioled, cordate-lanceolate or 
hastate, acuminate ; lobes obtuse, dentate ; 
stipules minute, ciliate-dentate ; petals all 
very entire, lower ones dilated, sub-3-lobed, 
lateral ones slightly bearded ; spur short, 
gibbose, acutish ; stigma truncate, or pu- 
I bescent ; capsule glabi-ous, or pubescent ou 
! all sides. Var. gib'ba, has no hastate or 
deltoid leaves. 8-12 i. Mountains. 
I ca7iaden"sis, (r. w-y. M. 11.) smooth, 
I stem sub-simple, erect, terete ; stipules en- 
