192 
VOCABULARY. 
Cel'lnlar. Made up of little cells or 
cavities. 
Ceno'bion. From the Greek, signifying 
a community ; one of Mirbel's gen- 
era of fruits, 
Cerion. A carceruiate fruit, forming 
one of Mirbel's genera of fruits. 
Cerea'lis. Any grain from which 
bread is made. (From Ceres, god- 
dess of corn.) 
Cer'nuus. When the top only droops. 
Chaffy. Made up of short membra- 
nous portions like chaff. 
Cha'mepy'i/ds. From the Greek ka- 
mia, on the ground, pitkus, the pine- 
tree. This is the specific name of 
some plants. 
Chan'nell.'d. Hollowed out longitudi- 
nally with a rounded groove. 
Cho'rion. A clear limpid liquor con- 
tained in a seed at the time of flow- 
ering. After the pollen is received, 
this liquor becomes a perfect embryo 
of a new plant. 
Cicatrice, The mark or natural scar 
from whence the leaf has fallen. 
Cil'iate. Fringed with parallel hairs. 
Cine'reous. Ash-coloured. 
a' gens. Surrounding, girding around. 
Cir'rose. Bearing tendrils. From Cir- 
rus, a tendril or climber. 
Clasp'ing. Surrounding a stem with 
the base of the leaf 
Class. The highest division of plants 
in the system of Botany. Linnaeus 
divided all plants into 24 classes ; 3 of 
these are now rejected, and the plants 
which they included placed in the re- 
maining 21 classes. The ancient bot- 
anists knew neither methods, systems, 
nor classes : they described under 
chapters, or sections, those plants 
which appeared to them to resemble 
each other in the greatest number of 
relations. 
Cla'vate. Club-shaped, larger at the 
top than the bottom, 
Clau'sus. Closed, shut up. 
Claw. The narrow part by which a 
petal is inserted. 
ClefL Split, or divided less than half 
way. 
Climb' ing. Ascending by means of 
tendrils, as grapes ; by leaf-stalks, as 
the Clematis; by cauline radicles or 
little fibrous roots, as the creeping 
American ivy. 
Clinanthe. The dilated summit of a 
peduncle, bearing flowers. The re- 
ceptacle, 
Club-sliaped. See Clavate, 
Clus'tered. See Racemed. 
Cly'peate. Form of a buckler. See 
Peitafp. 
Coad'nate. United at the base. 
Coarctate. Crowded. 
Coated. With surrounding coats or 
layers. 
Coccineous. Scarlet-coloured. 
Cockleate. Coiled spirally, like a&naii« 
shell, 
Coc'cum. A grain or se«>d ; tricoccous, 
3-seeded, &c. 
Cceru'leus. Blue. 
Coleop'tile. From koleos, an envelope, 
and ptilon, a bud. 
Co'leo rrhize. From koleos, an en velcpe, 
and riza, a root. 
CoLli'nus. Growing on hills. 
Col'oured. Different from green ; in 
the language of botany, green is not 
called a colour. White, which in re- 
ality is not a colour, is so called in 
botany. The primitive colours and 
their intermediate shades and grada- 
tions, are by botanists arranged aa 
follows: 
i Water-colour, hyalinus. 
} White, albus. 
( Lead-colour, cinereus. 
( Black, niger. 
< Brown, fuscus. 
( Pitch-black, ater. 
S Yellow, luteus. 
Straw-colour, fiavus. 
Flame-colour, fulvus.' 
i Red, rubex. 
\ Flesh-colour, incarnatus. 
i Scarlet, coccineus. 
Purple, purpureus. 
Violet-colour, cceruleo-purpureus. 
i Blur, cceruleus. 
\ Green, viridis. 
White is most common in roots, 
sweet berries, and the petals of spring 
flowers. Black, in roots and seeds. 
Yellow, in anthers, and the petals of 
compound flowers. Red, in the pe- 
tals of summer flowers and acid 
fruits. Blue and violet-colour, in 
the petals. Green, in the leaves and 
calyx. 
Columella. The central pillar in a cap- 
sule or fruit of any kind. 
Column. The filaments in gynandrons 
plants united with the style ; the 
whole is termed a column. 
Co'ma. A tuft of bracts on the top of 
a spike of flowers. 
Comose. Sessile bracts. 
Common. Any part is common, wnicb 
includes or sustains several parts sim- 
ilar among themselves. 
Compound. Made up of similar sim 
pie parts. 
flowers. Such a are in the 
class Syngenesia, having florets with 
united anthers. 
