METHOD OF ANALYSIS. 
27 
The orders of the 14th class, Tetradynamia, are two, both distin- 
guished by the form of the fruit. 
1. SiLicuLosA. Fruit, a silicitla, or roundish pod. 
2. SiLiauosA. Fruit, a siliqua, or long pod. 
The orders of the 15th class, Monadelphia, and of the 16th class, 
Diadelphia, are founded on the number of stamens, that is, on the 
characters of the first twelve classes, and they have the same names, 
as\ Monandria. &c. 
The 17th class, Syngenesia, has its five orders distinguished by- 
different circumstances^ of the florets, as : 
1. EauALis. Stamens and pistils equal, or in proportion ; that is, each 
floret has a stamen, a pistil, and one seed. Such florets are 
' called perfect. 
2. SuPERFLUA. Florets of the disk perfect, of the ray containing only 
pistils, which without stamens are superfluous. 
3. Frurtranea. Florets of the disk perfect, of the ray neutral, or 
without the stamen or pistil ; therefore frustrated, or useless. 
4. Necessaria. Florets of the disk staminate, of the ray pistillate ; the 
latter being necessary to the perfection of the fruit. 
5o Segregata. Florets separated from each other by partial calyxes, 
or each floret having a perianth. 
The orders of the 18th class, Gynandria, of the 19th class, Monoe- 
cia, and the 20th class, Dioecia, like those of the 15th and 16th classes, 
depend on the number of stamens. 
The orders of the 21st class, Cryptogamia, constitute six natural 
families. 
1. Filices, — includes all Ferns, having the fruit on the leaves. 
2. Musci, — Mosses. 
3. Hepaticae, — Liverworts, or succulent mosses. 
4. Algae, — Sea-weeds, and frog spittle, 
5. LicHENEs, — Lichens, found grov/ing on the bark of old trees, old 
wood, &c. 
6. Fungi, — Mushrooms, mould, blight, &.c. 
Note. — No confusion is produced in taking the character of some 
classes, for orders in other classes ; for example : if you have a flower 
with ten stamens, united by their filaments into one set, you know by 
the definition of the classes that it belongs to the class Monadelphia ; 
you can then, because it has ten stamens, place it in the order De- 
candria. 
LECTURE V. 
METHOD OF ANALYZING PLANTS BY A SERIES OP COMPARISONS — GENERAL RE- 
MARKS UPON PLANTS — METHOD OF PRESERVING PLANTS FOR AN HERBARIUM 
POISONOUS PLANTS, AND THOSE WHICH ARE NOT POISONOUS. 
The dissection of a plant is, properly, analysis ; the meaning of 
the term being a separation : but when we speak of analyzing plants, 
we mean something more than examining each part of the flower ; 
this is, indeed, the first step in the process ; but by analysis, w^e learn 
the Class, Order, Genus, and Species of the plant. A person engaged 
in ascertaining the name of a plant, may be said to be upon a Bota?i- 
Of Tetradynamia— Of the classes Monadelphia and Diadelphia— Of the class Syn- 
genesia— Of the classes Gynandria, MoncEcia, and Dioecia— Of the class Cryptoga- 
mia— Meaning of the word analysis— How used in Botany. 
