76 
STAMENS. 
double roses some stamens appear entirely changed, others retain- 
ing something of their form, and others are still perfect. - When all 
the stamens disappear, no perfect fruit is produced. On account of 
this degeneration of the stamens, cultivated flowers are not usually 
so good for botanical analysis as wild ones. The single flower ex- 
hibits the number of parts which nature has given to it. The rose 
in its native state has but five petals. 
Anther^ is a little knob or box usually situated on the summit of 
the filament; it has cells or cavities which contain a powder called 
the pollen ; this is yellow, and very conspicuous in the lily and 
tulip. You have here the representation (Fig. 80) of a stamen with 
(t'^^^ its filament a, its anther Z>, and the dis- 
charging pollen c. In many flowers the 
filament is wanting; the anthers are then 
said to be sessile ; that is, placed imme- 
diately upon the coroha, as at cZ, which 
represents a flower cut open, showing 
its stamens grov/ing sessile in the 
W Fig. 80. "'^ " throat. 
The figure at A, re- 
presents a magnified 
stamen,* with a lance- 
olate anther, denticu- 
late at the sides, with 
two hairy appendages j 
filament short. 
At B 1, is a magni- 
fied stamen,t with the 
filamentbearded at the 
base ; the anther is two^ 
lobed, reniform. B 2 
shows the two cells in 
each lobe, which is cut 
horizontally. 
At C,t the three fila- 
ments are distinct at the base, and connected at the upper part ; an- 
thers, adnate, linear, tAvisting. 
At D,§ the anther is sagittate, the filament bent, and glandular in 
the middle, (at a.) 
At E, is a stamen of the Thyme, (family, of the Labiatse ;) the 
lobes of the anthers c, are divergent; a, is the filament, b, the con- 
nective of the anthers. 
At F, is a stamen of the Laurus ; a, cordate, pedicelled glands ; b, 
pubescent filament ; c, anther opening by four valves, throwing out 
pollen. 
At G, is a stamen of the genus Lavenchda ; the anthers are reni- 
form, cilicate, opening transversely, lobes confluent at the summit, 
divergent at the base. 
At H, a stamen of the genus Begania ; the filament is enlarged at 
the summit ; the two lobes of the anther a, a, adnate at the sides, 
parallel distant. 
* Of the Cerinthe major, (family of the Boragineae.) 
t Of the Tradcscantia virginica. 
i Of the Cucumber family. 
§ Of the Linden family. 
Anther— Explain Fig. 81. 
