CLASSIFICATION. 
129 
having no cotyledon is called, A-cotyledonoics, with one, Mono-cotyle- 
donous, and with tivo, Di-cotyledonous. 
2. Insertion of the Stamens. The stamens are above the germ, un- 
der the germ, or around the germ ; in the 1st case, they are Epi-gy~ 
nous, 2d, Hypo-gynous, 3d, Peri-gynous. 
3. Absence and presence of the Corolla. A-petalous, corolla wanting, 
Mono-petalous, corolla of one piece, Poly-petalous, many petals. 
4. Union, or separation of Stamens and Pistils. Mono-clinious, sta- 
mens and pistils on the same corollas, Di-clinous, stamens and pis- 
tils on different corollas. 
5. Union or separation of anthers. Anthers distinct, or anthers 
combined. 
ACOTYLEDONS, 
MONOCOTYLEDONS, 
DICOTYLEDONS 
Synoposis of Jussieu^s Method. 
Stamens hypogynovs, 
" perigynous, 
" epigynous, 
Stamens epigynous, 
" perigynous, 
" hypogynous, 
Corolla hypogynous, 
" perigynous, 
CLASS 1. 
2. 
apetalous, 
monopetalous. 
polypetalous. 
. diclinous. 
epigynous, 
Stamens epigynous, 
" hypogynous, 
" perigynous. 
f anthers 
I combined, 
j anthers 
I distinct, 
7. 
8. 
9. 
10. 
12. 
13. 
15. 
These classes were at first formed of 100 orders ; under the pres- 
ent modifications of Jussieu's method they have been multiphed, by 
establishing new orders from genera which seemed not to belong to 
any of the former established orders. 
The acotyledons include the cryptogam ous plants of Linnaeus. 
They are also called cellulares, from their being formed of cellular 
tissue without a vascular system. These are by some botanists 
called fowerless plants ;* their leaves are destitute of veins. They 
have no seeds with cotyledons, but are reproduced from a powder- 
like substance, exhibiting nothing of the parts which constitute the 
seeds in the other divisions of the vegetable kingdom. 
The monocotyledo7is, which consist principally of grasses, palms, 
and liliaceous plants, are endogenous as regards the structure of their 
stems and branches ; — the veins in their leaves, instead of being re- 
ticulate, or spreading out in various directions like a net^ are straight 
and parallel. This division consists of tvvo large groups ; — 1st, plants 
whose flowers have petals, called Petalloidce, as the iris and lily; 
the calyx and corolla being in three or six divisions ; — 2d, where, 
instead of a proper calyx and corolla, the stamens and pistils are 
surrounded with glume-hke bracts; these are called Giumacece; 
as in the grasses. 
The dicotyledons include all the phenogamous plants, except those 
which belong to the monocotyledonous division. These are vascular 
* It was long asserted by botanists, that every plant had a flower, although it 
might be invisible; but the term flowerless is now adopted by many for the cryptoga- 
mous family. 
How the insertion of the stamens?— How is the corolla considered ?— How the an- 
ther 7— Repeat the synopsis of Jussieu's method — What are the general characteris 
tics of acotyledons 1— Of monocotyledons 1—Of dicotyledons 7 
