78 
ARUM— ASCYRUM. 
absynWium^ (wormwood, Tj.,) stem branching, panicled ; leaves hoary ; radi- 
cal ones triply pinnatiM; divisions lanceolate, toothed, obtuse; cauline 
ones 2-pinnatifid or pinnatifid; divisions lanceolate, acutish; floral ones 
undivided, lanceolate. Naturalized in most mountain districts of New 
England. 
' abrota'num^ (southern- wood, %. and T^.) stem straight ; lower leaves bipin- 
nate; upper ones hair-form, pinnate ; calyx pubescent, hemispheric. Ex. 
ARUM. 19—12. (AroidecBd [From jaron, a Hebrew word, signifying a dart, in allusion to the 
shape of the leaves.] 
triphyVlum, (Indian turnip, wild turnip, wakerobin, p. g. and w. M. %.) sub 
caulescent; leaves ternate ; leafets ovate, acuminate, spadix club-form; 
spatha ovate, acuminate, peduncled with the lamina as ]ong as the spadix. 
One variety, virens, has a green spatha; another, atropurpureum, has & 
dark purple spatha ; another, album, has a white spatha. 1-3 f. 
dracon"tmm, (Ju. %) stemless ; leaves pedate ; leafets lanceolate-oblong, en- 
tire ; spadix subulate, longer than the oblong, convolute spatha. Banks of 
streams. Green dragon. 
quina'tum, stemless ; leaves quinate, lanceolate, acuminate. 
ARUNDO. 3 — 2. {Graminece,.) [Latin, signifying reed.] 
canaden"ds^ (Au. Tj..) panicle oblong, loose; glumes scabrous, pubescent, {.s 
long as the corolla; corolla awned on the back ; hairs at the base equal- 
ling the valves ; culm and leaves smooth. 3-4 f. 
ASARUM. 18 — 12. {AristolochicE..) [From a, not, sairo, to adorn, this flower not being admitted 
into the ancient, coronal wreaths.] 
canaden'se, (white snake-root, wild-ginger, g-p. M. %..) leaves broad-reniform, 
in pairs; calyx woolly, deeply 3-parted; the segments sub-lanceolate, re- 
flexed. 
ASCLEPTAS. 18—5. iApocynecB.') [Supposed to have been named in honour of the founder 
of medical science, .^sculapius, or as l\e is sometimes called in mythology, Asclepois.] 
A. Leaves opposite. 
syri'aca, (common milkweed, w-p. Ju, %.) stem very simple ; leaves lanceo- 
late-oblong, grqglually acute, downy beneath ; umbels sub-nodding, downy, 
3 to 5 feet high ; flowers in large, close clusters, sweet-scented. 3-5 f. 
incarna'ta,, (r. Ju. %..) stem erect, branching above, downy ; leaves lanceolate, 
sub-downy both sides ; umbels mostly double at their origin ; the little horn 
of the nectary exsert. A variety, pulchra, is more hairy. Var. glabra^ 
almost glabrous. Var. alba, has white flowers. Damp. 3 f. 
oUusifo'lia, (J. %..) stem single, erect ; leaves clasping, oblong-obtuse, undu- 
late on the margin, very smooth glands beneath; umbel terminal, long pe- 
duncled ; horns of the nectary exsert. Stem 3 f. Leaves much waved on 
the margin. Flowers large, pale purple. 
phytoloxo'idcs, (Ju. %.) stem erect, simple; leaves broad-lanceolate, acuminate, 
smooth, pale beneath ; umbels many-flowered, lateral and terminal, solita- 
ry, on long peduncles, nodding ; nectary 2-toothed. Wet, rocky grounds. 
Flowers large, greenish purple. 3 f. 
quadrifo'lia, (w. p-w. M. %.) stem erect, simple, glabrous; leaves ovate, acu- 
minate, petioled ; those in the middle of the stem are largest, and in fours; 
umbels 2, terminal, lax-flowedred ; pedicels filiform. About 18 inches high. 
Fowers small and sweet-scented. 
B. Leaves not opposite. 
verticilla'ta, (dwarf milkweed, g-y. w. Ju. %. ) stem erect, very simple, mark- 
ed with lines, and small pubescence ; leaves very narrow-linear, straight, 
glabrous, whorled, scattered ; horn in the nectary exsert. 2 f. 
Vubero'sa, (Ju. %..) stem erect, hairy, with spreading branches; nectary with- 
out horns ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, sessile, alternate, somewhat crowded ; 
umbels numerous, forming terminal corymbs, Sandy fields. Flow^ers 
large, bright orange, in numerous, erect umbels. Medicinal. Pleurisy- 
root, butterfly-weed. 
ASCYRUM. 12—3. {Hyperica.) [From a, without, skuros, roughness.] 
crux-andre'ce, (y. Ju. T^.) stems numerous; sufruticose, terete, with erect 
branches ; leaves ovate-linear, obtuse ; inner petals sub-orbicular j pedicels 
