126 
PIPER-POLYGALA. 
C. Leaves many, in a fascicle. 
pen"dula, (black larch, tamarack, hackmatack, M, Yi.) leaves deciduous j 
strobiles oblong; margins of the scale inflexed; bract guitar-form, with a 
slender point. 
PIPER. 2—3. (Urticem.) [Origmally pippul, in the Bengalese tongue.] 
leptosta'chyon, (Florida pepper, herbaceous, small, leaves obovate, obtuse, 
sub-3-nerved, pubescent; spikes axillary, filiform, erect, much longer than 
the leaves. 6-12 i. S. 
PISTIA. 15-8. (Gerania.) 
spatkula'ta, (vv. Ju.) leaves abruptly narrowed into the petiole, dilated, round 
and obtuse towards the summit, >S. 
PISUM. 16—10. (LeguminoscB.) 
sati'vum, (pea, p. w. J. ©.) petioles terete; stipules round and crenate at the 
base; peduncles many-flowered. Var. umbellatum, (boquet pea,) has the 
stipules 4-cleft, acute. Var. qv/idratunt, (quadrate pea.) fruit ash-colour, 4- 
sided, Var. kumile, (dwarf pea,) stem erect, not climbing ; leafets round- 
ish. Ex. 
PLANERA. 5—2. (Amentaceoi.) 
aquatVca, (M. V2.) leaves ovate, acute, serrate, equal at the base, slightly 
scabrous, short-petioled. 25-30 f. S. 
PLANTAGO. 4—1. {Plantaginea.) {Yxoux planta^ the sole of the foot, so called because its 
leaves are trodden under foot.] 
ma^jor, (plantain, w. J. %.) leaves ovate, sub-dentate, sub-glabrous; scape 
terete ; spike oblong, imbricate. 6-24 i. 
PLAT ANUS. 19 — 13. (Amentaceca.} [Fromplata, broad, alluding to the size of the tree.] 
occidenta'lis, (button wood, American plane-tree, false sycamore, J. T7.) leaves 
5-angular, obsoletely lobed, toothed, pubescent beneath ; stem and branches 
becoming white. One of the largest trees in N. America. 
POA. 3—2. (GraminecB.) [From a Greek word signifying grass.] 
annua, (Ap. <v).) panicle sub-secund, divaricate; spikelets ovate-oblong, 5- 
flowered; florets free ; culm oblique, compressed; root fibrous. 6-8 i. 
pratensis, (J. %) panicle diff'use ; upper leaves much shorter than the smooth 
sheaths; florets acute, 5-nerved, webbed at the base; stipule short-truncate, 
root creeping. 2-3 f. 
PODOPHYLLUM. 12—1 (RanunculacecB.) [From pons, foot, and phulion, leaf, on account 
of the shape of its leaf.] 
peltatum, (wild mandrake, may-apple, w. M. stem terminated with 2 pel- 
tate, palmate leaves; flower single, inserted in the fork formed by the peti- 
oles of the leaves. Sometimes the plant is 3-leaved, and the flower inserted 
on the side of one of the petioles. 1-2 f. 
POGONIA. 18—1. iOrchidecB.) [From a Greek word signifying beard.] 
ophioglossoHdes, (snake-mouth arethusa, r. Ju. %) root fibrous; scape with 2 
distant leaves, 1-2-flowered ; leaves lance-oval ; lip fringed. 8-12 i. 
verticillata, (y-r. J. %.) leaves 5- verticillate ; flower solitary ; 3 outer segments 
of the perianth long and Imear ; the inner ones lanceolate, obtuse ; lip 3- 
lobed, dilated, the middle lobe undulated ; root fasciculate. Swamps. 
POLEMONTUM. 5—1. (Polemonia.) [An ancient name derived from poiewos, war, because, 
according to Phny, kings contended for the honour of its discovery.] 
ref'tans, (Greek valerian, b. M. %.) leaves pinnate, leafets 5-13; flowers 
terminal, nodding. 
POLYANTHES. 6—1. (Narcissi.) [Frompolus, many, and anthos, flower, because it bears 
many flowers.] 
tubero'sa, (tuberose, 1]..) flowers alternate, in pairs, rootlets tuberous; scape 
scaly; leaves linear, long; sweet-scented. Ex. The polyanthus of the 
gardens belongs to the genus Primula. 
POLYGALA. 16—6. iLeguminoscz.) [Vvompolus, much, andg-aZo, milk, from its milky juice.] 
paucifo'lia, (flowering wintergreen, r. M. %.) small, large-flowered ; stem 
simple, erect, naked below ; leaves ovate, acute, glabrous, near the top of 
the stem; flowers crested, terminal, about in threes. 3-4 i. 
