154 
VOCABULARY. 
A gglom' crated'. Bunched, croM-'ded to- 
gether, 
Ag'gregate. (From aggregate, to as- 
semble.) Many springing fj om the 
same point ; this term was at first ap- 
plied to compound flowers, but there 
is at present a sevenfold division of 
aggregate flowers : 
aggregate^ propeily so called ; 
com,2)oundj d77ienlaceous, 
umbellate, glumose^ 
cijmose, spadlceous. 
Ag'gregate flower is erected on pedun- 
cles or footstalks, which all have one 
common recepiacle on the stem : they 
sometimes have one common calyx, 
and are sometimes separately fur- 
nished with a calyx. 
Ai'grettc. See Egret. 
A'la. A Latin word signifying a wing. 
It is sometimes nsed to express the 
angle formed by the stem with the 
branch or leaf. Linnceus and some 
others use the term ala., as the' name 
of a membrane, affixed to some spe- 
cies of seed which serves as a wing 
to raise them into the air, and thus 
promote their dispersion. 
A'lce. The two lateral or side petals of 
a papilionaceous flower. 
Albu'w,en. The farinaceous, fleshy or 
horny substance which constitutes 
the chief bulk of monocotyledonous 
seeds ; as wheat, rye, &c. 
Albur'num. (From a^ows, white.) The 
soft white substance which in trees is 
found between the liber, or inner bark, 
and the wood, and becoming solid, in 
progress of time is converted into 
wood. From its colour and compar- 
ative softness, it has been styled the 
fat of trees. It is called the sap-vjood. 
and is formed by a deposiie of the 
cambium, or descending sap; in one 
year it becomes wood ; and a new 
layer of alburnum is again formed 
by the descent of the cambium. 
Al'gcR. Flags ; these, by Linnoeus, com- 
prise the plants of the order Hcpaticcz 
and Lichenes. 
Al'pine. Growing naturally on high 
mountains. 
Alter'naie. Branches, leaves, flowers, 
&c. are alternate, when beginning at 
different distances on the stem ; op- 
posite, is when they commence at the 
same distances, and base stands 
against base. 
Alter' nately-f innate leaf ; when the 
leafets are arranged alternately on 
each side of the common footstalk or 
petioie. 
Alve'olate. Having cells which resem- 
ble a honeycomb. 
Am'bitus. The outer rim of a frond 
receptacle, &c. 
A'ment. Flowers collected on chalFy 
scales, and arranged on a thread or 
slender stalk ; their scales mixed 
with the flowers resemble the chaff 
in an ear of corn ; in the willow and 
poplar, an ament supports both stam- 
inate and pistillate flowers on distinct 
roots. Flowers supported by an 
ament are generally destitute of a 
corolla. 
Amplexicau'lis. Clasping the base of 
the stems. 
Anal'ysis. To analyze a plant botani- 
cally, is to ascertain its name, by ob- 
serving its organs, and comparing 
them with scientific descriptions of 
plants. 
Ancip'etal. Having two sharp edges 
like a sword. 
An'dria. Signifies stamen. 
Andrug'ynous plants. Such as bear sta- 
minate and pistillate flowers on the 
same root ; as the oak and Indian 
corn : such plants belong to the class 
Monoecia. 
Angiocar'pus. Fungi bearing seeds in- 
ternally. 
Angiosper'mal. (From angio, a vessel, 
and sperma, seed.) Plants v/hose 
seeds are enclosed or covered. 
An'gular. Forming angles; when the 
stems, calyxes, capsules, &c, have 
ridges running lengthwise. 
Anguslifo'lius. Narrow-leaved. 
An'nual. A plant which lives but one 
year. The herbage is often annual, 
while the root is perennial ; in this 
case the plant is said to be perennial. 
A^i'nulaied. Having a ring round the 
capsules ; as in ferns ; or in mush- 
rooms having a ringed stipe. 
An'nulus. A ring. 
Anom'alous. (From «, without, and too- 
mos, law.) Irregular, or whatever 
forms an exception to a general rule. 
The llth class in Tournefort's meth- 
od is coXledi anomalcE, including plants 
whose corollas are composed of ir- 
regular and dissimilar parts ; as the 
columbine, monk's-hood, violet, lark- 
spur, &c. 
An'ther. (From anthos, a flower; so 
called as indicating its importance.) 
That part of the stamen which con- 
tains the pollen ; it is of various forms, 
as linear, awl-shaped, heart-shaped, 
round, &c.; it is one-celled, tv/o-cell- 
ed, &c. 
Antherid'ium. A mass of pollen. 
Anther if erous. Flowers bearing an- 
thers without filaments. 
An'thus. (From the Greek anthos.) A 
