PARTS OF A FLOWEK. 
Pericarps are of different kinds ; that of the lily is called a 
capsule (Fig. 3, A) ; it is of a dry, membraneous texture ; and, 
when ripe, opens by the separation of pieces, called valves. In 
the capsule (a) is seen a longitudinal opening, with fibers con- 
necting the valves, as appears in a mature state. Fig. 3, Jj, 
represents the capsule, cut transversely, to show its three cells 
(J) ; each cell contains two triangular seeds {c). The lily is 
deficient in one organ, common to the greater part of flowers ; 
this is the calyw^ or cup, which is usually green, and surrounds 
the lower part of the corolla, as in the pink and rose. When 
the calyx consists of several pieces, these are called sepals. 
The organs of the flower, called also organs of fructification or reproduction^ 0X9 
as follows : 
Calyx — the cup, surrounding the corolla ; the parts are sepals. 
Corolla — the blossom ; the parts are petals. 
Stamens — next within the corolla ; the parts are the anther, pollen, and filament. 
Pistil — central organ ; the parts are the ovary, style, and stigma. 
Receptacle — which supports the other parts of the fiower. 
Besides these, there are in the mature plant, the Pericarp — containing the seed; 
and the Seed — the rudiment of a new plant. 
Division of Plants into Classes, d^c. 
13. According to the system with which we shall commence 
pur study, all plants are divided into twenty-one classes. Each 
class is divided into Orders, the Orders into Genera, and the 
Genera into Species. 
a. The name of the genus may be compared to a family name ; that of the species, 
to an individual or Christian name ; for example : the Rose family contains many 
different species ; as Rosa alba, the white rose ; Rosa damascena, the damask rose, 
<fec. The specific or individual name, in Botany, is placed after the family name, a& 
Rosa alba, rose white, in the Latin language the adjective being generally place«l 
after the noun. 
LECTUEE III. 
METHOD OF ANALYZING PLANTS. ANALYSIS OF THE PINK, LILY, ROSE, 
AND POPPY. 
14. As it is not possible to explain all new terms as we proceed, the student is 
referred to the Vocabulary ; by the observation of plants, connected with defini- 
^QQii, the technical terms of Botany will soon become familiar.* 
• In analyzing a natural flower it is necessary to separate the parts ; first, if there be a caly^ remove 
H carefully, then take off the corolla, or if it be niouopetalous, divide it lengthwise with a k,nife. A 
miuroscupe is necessary, if the orgaas be very small. 
Ennmeration of the parts of a flower, — 13. Division, of Plants into Classes, Or^ere, &c — Genera— 
Species.— 14. Steps in the Analysis of the pink. 
