88 
MIRBEl's CLASSIFICATrON OF FKTTITS. 
Pfpo, "*/hicli is spinose, three-celled, and many-seeded. 
The cells and seeds are shown by the same fruit cut 
transversely, as at b ; c represents a seed : this is tu- 
nicated and dicotyledonous ; d, the same cut vertically. 
8d. Bacca,Fig. 110, a, represents a spherical berry of 
the genus Ribes ; it is known by the name of wild 
gooseberry ; the fruit is many -seeded, as may be seen 
at b ; c shows the same fruit cut transversely 
CLASS n. ANGIOOAUPES. 
Fruits covered by a bract, or foliacenus envelope. 
97. This class contains the Strobilum, or cone, a collection of carcerular fruits 
concealed by scales, formed of bracts or peduncles, whose union produces a globu- 
lar or conical body, as the juniper, pine, <fec. Fig. Ill represents the fruit of the 
pine, which is composed of woody, close, and indehiscent cupules. The glands are 
membraneous, one-celled, and one-seeded : a is an entire strobilum ; b is the same, 
cut vertically ; c, the large placenta, extending lengthwise through the fruit. The 
pineapple, Bromelia, is a strobilum. 
1st. Calybion* (from Jcalubion, a little cabin) ; fruits of this genus ?/f composed of 
a citpule, or cup, of variable forms, and of carcerulars enveloped entf/r Jy, or in part, 
by the cupule. The carcerulars of calybions are called glands. Tr.e gland of the 
oak is partly concealed in its cupule ; that of the beech and yew ( I'aijus) is entirely 
concealed ; in the latter are two cupules, one inclosing the other . the exterior one 
is succulent, and of an orange-red ; the interior, which is hard ai d woody, incloses 
the fruit. 
2d. Strobilum, Fig. 112, represents an acorn, the fruit of the oak (quercus robur), 
standing in a hemispherical cupule formed of imbricated scales. The gland is ellip- 
soid, coriaceous, one-celled, and one-seeded. The seed is tunicated ; embryo dicoty- 
ledonous ; the cotyledons are large and fleshy ; a is an entire calybion ; b, the cu- 
pule ; d, two abortive glands ; c, the-gland cut vertically, showing the eynbryo near its 
apex. 3d. Sycone (from sucon, a fig), formed by the enlargement of the clinayithe or 
receptacle, into a hollow fleshy substance, covered within by numerous florets, each of 
which contains a drupeole ; these florets in the mature state of the fruit disappear, 
leaving only seeds imbedded in the cellular substance of the pericarp. The cavity 
within becomes gradually filled by the increase of cellular tissue, until, as in the 
fig, it entirely disappears. Fig. 113, a, represents a sycone, the fruit of the Ambora, 
which belongs to the fig tribe of plants ; this remains open at its sun^mit, and is 
more woody in its texture than the common fig {Ficiis carica) ; b rep'-osents the 
fruit cut transversely, with the seeds circularly arranged within the sarcocarp, 
4th. Sorose (from soros, a collection) ; this genus contains many fruits united in a spike, 
or catkin, and covered with succulent floral envelopes. Fig. 1 14, a, represents the 
* This includes what some writers call the ffland and the nut. 
Fig. 1 10. 
97. Class Angiocarpes — Strobilum— Calybion — Sycone— Soiose 
