SYNOPSIS OF EXTERNAL ORGANS OF PLANTS. 
the seam formed bj the union of those margins. Where there 
are several pistils or carpels in one flower, and these soldered 
together, we have, of course, a comjpound fndt^ with several 
cells, and even entire carpels ]nay be, and often are, wholly 
suppressed or obliterated ; yet our theory enables us to coni 
prehend all such deviations from the normal structure or 
original symmetry of the carpellary verticil.""^ 
SYNOPSIS OF THE EXTERNAL ORGANS OF PLANTS. 
112. 
Organs of nutrition, 
or parts necessary 
to the growth of 
■ tlie plant. 
Organs of reproduc- 
tion, or parts oi\ 
fructification. 
Organs. 
THE ROOT. 
THE STEM. 
THE BUD. 
THE LEAF. 
APPENDAGES. 
THE FLOWER. 
THE FRUIT. 
Subdivisions. 
NECK OR ROOT-STALK, 
CAUDEX, 
BRANCHES, 
PETIOLES, 
PEDUNCLBa 
■{ spongiolea, 
Sbranchlets 
boughs. 
^ pedicels. 
LEAFLETS. 
STIPULES, 
PRICKLES, 
THORNS, 
GLANDS, 
■{ STINGS, 
I SCALES, 
TENDRILS, 
PUBHSCENCK, 
l_ BRACTS. 
' CALYX, 
COROLLA, 
NECTARY OR DISK 
PERICARP, 
<* sepals or leaves. 
^ petals. 
( part of the corolla,) which some- 
^ times appear as a separate 
( organ, 
( filament, 
) anther, — pollen. 
( stigma, 
< style, 
( ovary, — ^ ovules. 
f Contains all parts of the froi 
which are not the seed, va 
cells, 
I valves, 
y dissepiments. 
( columella, 
hilum, 
albumen, 
cotyledons, 
, S axis, S plumule, 
embryo, J^jj^j^^ 
LECTUEE XYIII. 
PHYSIOLOGICAL VIEWS. GERMINATION OP THE SEED. 
113. "We have traced the various organs of the plant through their successive 
(itages of development, from the root to the bud, leaf, and flower, and from the 
flower to the fruit and seed. We have seen, in imagination, the vegetable world 
fading under a change of temperature, the " sear and yellow les^f" becoming a prey 
* Darlington. 
Of compound fruits. — 112. Enumerate the organs of nutrition — Of reproduction — Parts of the root- 
Stem — Bud — Leaf— Different kinds of appendages — Divisions of the ca!)'x — Corolla — Nectary— Sta- 
mens — Pistil — Parts of the l'rui<^ — What are the parts of the pericarp 1 — Parts of the seed — Of the oni* 
k*ro. — 113. Reflections. 
