168 
CLASS MONADELPHIA. 
Fig. 146. 
notch at the top, and such as are entire. The Pepper-grasa 
{Lepidhom) and the shepherd's-pnrse {llilas^i) afford examples 
of this order. At Fig. 146, is a representation of the silicula 
or pod of the Thlaspi. The plants found here belong to the 
natural family Siliquosce^ the properties of which are nutritious 
and medicinal. 
241. The second Order ^ Siliquosoe^ con- 
tains cruciform plants with long and nar- 
row siliques; as the radish and mus- 
tard. The cabbage {Brassicd) is an ex- 
otic ; the turnip is a species of the same 
genus. Fig. 146, a., represents the wall- 
flower {C heiranthus) \ the calyx consists 
of four oblong sepals ; the petals are obo- 
vate, spreading with claws as long as the 
calyx. At h appear the six stamens di- 
vested of the petals ; the ovary is cylin- 
drical, as long as the stamens ; c shows 
the silique or pod ; the valves are con- 
cave, and a thin membraneous partition divides the silique into 
two parts. In this order there appears a Avant of symmetry in 
the number of stamens compared with the floral envelopes. 
The two pairs of long stamens may, however, each be considered 
as one divided stamen (a dedoublement\ which would reduce 
the number to four. This view is confirmed by the fact that 
the two shorter stamens have teeth on each side, while the 
longer ones are toothed but on one side. The floral type of 
Cruciferae is regarded as quaternary ; four sepals.^ four petals., 
receptacle four staminiferous glands^ four stamens^ and four 
carpels, two of which are abortive. In some species of fberis 
(candy-tuft) the floral organs have been seen to exhibit in all 
their parts this quaternary., or normal arrangement. 
LECTUKE XXXII. 
MONADELPHIA, ONE BEOTHERHOOD. 
242. "We are now to examine the hrotherhoods / Monadelphia 
meaning one, and Diadelphia two brotherhoods, in allusion to 
the manner in which the filaments are connected in one or imo 
sets. The orders in these classes depend upon the number of 
stamens. 
341. Order Siliquosae — Want of symmetry explained. — 242. The brotherhoods 
