24:8 
POLYPETALOUS OEDEES. 
cojrpels^ distinct or partially cohering. Seeds ^ when ripe, often 
hang suspended from the carpels by a long slender cord ; emr 
hryo minute, at the base of fleshy albumen. 
a. Properties : bitter, tonic, and often aromatic 
Genera. — Magnolia, Liriodendron, lUicium. 
402. Anonace^, the CustardrAp^ple Tribe. — Trees or shrubs. 
Leaves simple, alternate, without stipules. Flowers large, 
usually of a dull color. Segals 3, persistent. Petals 6, in two 
rows, with a valvate aestivation. Stamens indefinite; filor 
ments short. Carpels usually numerous, closely packed, some- 
times cohering. Fruit succulent or dry. Seeds one or more ; 
testa brittle ; embryo minute, in the base of hard fle.shy albu- 
men. 
a. Properties : they are generally aromatic and fragrant ; some are bitter and 
tonic, others yield edible fruits. 
Genera. — Anona, Asimina, Porcelia. 
403. Menispermace^, the Moon-seed Tribe. — Climbing or 
twining shrubs. Learns alternate, without stipules. Flowers 
small, usually racemose. Sepals and petals similar in appear 
ance, in one or several rows, deciduous. Stamens as many as 
the petals, and opposite them, or 2-4 times as many ; anthers 
often 4-celled. Carpels solitary or numerous, at first straight, 
but during their growth often curved into a ring. Fruit a 
succulent, 1-seeded, oblique or lunate drupe, or berry. Seed 
solitary; embryo large, inclosed in the thin fleshy albu 
men. 
a. Properties : the roots are mostly bitter and tonic, fruit often narcotic au^' 
acrid. 
Genera. — Menispermum, Schizandra. 
404. BERBERroACE^, the Berberry Tribe. — Herbs or shru'bs 
Leaves alternate, compound, without stipules. Sepals 3-9, ir 
one or several rows, deciduous. Petals equal in number to th* 
sepals, and in two sets or twice as many, often having an ap- 
pendage at the base on the inside. Stamens as many as the 
petals, and opposite them ; anthers extrorse, cells opening by a 
valve. Carpel solitary, gibbous or oblique, 1-celled. Fr%iii 
baccate or capsular. Seeds sometimes with an aril ; embryo 
minute, surrounded by fleshy or horny albumen. 
a. Properties: the fruit is edible; the stem and bark of some species are 
astringent, they contain oxalic acid ; the roots and herbage are sometimes poisoE 
ous. 
Genera. — Berberis, Leontice, Diphylla. 
405. Cabombacej?:, the Water-shield Tribe. — Aquatic herbs. 
Leaves floating, peltate. Flowers axillary, solitary. Sepals 3 
